http://glottopedia.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Wohlgemuth&feedformat=atomGlottopedia - User contributions [en]2024-03-19T13:30:07ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.34.2http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=17944Main Page2023-08-15T10:19:02Z<p>Wohlgemuth: old greenbox hidden</p>
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'''Welcome to [[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]], the free encyclopedia of linguistics.'''<br />
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<p style="margin:0.1em 0 0.1em;text-align:center;font-size:95%">[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Introduction]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Frequently asked questions|Frequently asked questions]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Contact|Contact]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Special:Allpages|All articles A&ndash;Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;Number of articles: [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Glottopedia in German]]<br />
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[[Portal:Semantics|Semantics]] | [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology|Phonetics and phonology]] | [[Portal:Morphology|Morphology]] | [[Portal:Syntax|Syntax]] | [[Portal:Psycholinguistics|Psycholinguistics]] | [[Portal:List of portals|Other thematic areas]] | [[Portal:Biography|Biography]] | [[Portal:Linguistic research|Linguistic research]] | [[Portal:Linguists|Linguists]] <br />
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{|<br />
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[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]] is a freely editable encyclopedia for linguists by linguists that is currently being built up. It will contain [[Glottopedia:Dictionary articles|dictionary articles]] on all technical terms of linguistics and is [[Glottopedia:Multilingual|multilingual]]. In addition, there are [[Glottopedia:Survey articles|survey articles]], [[Glottopedia:Biographical articles|biographical articles]] and [[Glottopedia:Language articles|language articles]], potentially on all linguists and all languages.<br />
<br />
Glottopedia articles also exist in [[Glottopedia:Über Glottopedia|German]], [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Spanish]], [[Glottopedia:Benvenuto|Italian]], [[Glottopedia:Accueil des nouveaux arrivants|French]], [[Glottopedia:про Глоттопедию|Russian]], [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Danish]], Swedish, [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|Chinese]], Japanese, [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Norwegian (Nynorsk)]], and in the future hopefully also in many other languages.<br />
----<br />
'''Glottopedia needs your [[Glottopedia:How to contribute|contribution]]'''!<br />
----<br />
=Glottopedia Team=<br />
===Editors===<br />
''Editors-in-Chief'': [[User:NaumSven|Dr. Sven Naumann]], [[User:Wohlgemuth|Dr. Jan Wohlgemuth]]<br />
<br />
''Technical Editor'': [[User:Rostin|Tim Rostin]]<br />
<br />
===Scientific Advisory Council===<br />
[[Gabriel Altmann]], [[Pier Marco Bertinetto]], [[Greville G. Corbett]], [[Östen Dahl]], [[Martin Haase]], [[Martin Haspelmath]], [[Reinhard Köhler]], [[John McWhorter]], [[Eva Schoenke]], [[Jürgen Wedekind]]<br />
<br />
=Sample dictionary articles=<br />
<br />
===Syntax=== <br />
(see also [[Portal:Syntax]])<br />
<br />
[[adjective]], [[alliterative agreement]], [[applicative]], [[apposition]], [[argument structure]], [[attribute]], [[case]], [[complement]], [[contact clause]], [[coordinand]], [[core argument]], [[c-structure]], [[dative transformation]], [[dependency grammar]], [[ellipsis]], [[ergativity]], [[free state]], [[full verb]], [[gapping]], [[infinitive]], [[internal argument]], [[lexical category]], [[negative concord]], [[nonconfigurationality]], [[noun]], [[part of speech]], [[phrase structure grammar]], [[pied piping]], [[prepositional phrase]], [[pro]], [[PRO]], [[promotion]], [[rich agreement]], [[semantic macrorole]], [[subject]], [[subordinator]], [[subcomparative construction]], [[syntactic function]], [[X-bar theory]], [[Θ-role]]<br />
<br />
===Morphology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Morphology]])<br />
<br />
[[accusative case]], [[adfix]], [[affix]], [[allocutive]], [[base]], [[category-system]], [[deadjectival]], [[derivation]], [[dimension]], [[Distributed Morphology]], [[expletive infixation]], [[fission]], [[flag]], [[impoverishment]], [[infinitive]], [[inflection]], [[lexeme]], [[macroparadigm]], [[morpheme]], [[morphophonemics]], [[morphosyntactic category]], [[oblique case]], [[plurale tantum]], [[prefix]], [[reduplicant]], [[simplex]], [[supine]], [[suspended affixation]], [[syncretism]]<br />
<br />
===Phonetics and Phonology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology]])<br />
<br />
[[affricate]], [[apocope]], [[apicodental]], [[appendix (in syllable structure)]], [[approximant]], [[breathy voice]], [[coda]], [[compensatory lengthening]], [[Contrastive Specification Theory]], [[dactyl]], [[declarative phonology]], [[degenerate foot]], [[dependency phonology]], [[extrametricality]], [[fricative]], [[labiodental]], [[laryngeal]], [[lateral]], [[liquid]], [[manner of articulation]], [[Maximal Onset Principle]], [[metrical phonology]], [[minimal word constraint]], [[nasal]], [[natural class]], [[pitch accent (lexical)]], [[prependix]], [[stop]], [[stress]], [[stress-timed and syllable-timed]], [[uvular]], [[velar]], [[velarization]], [[vowel]]<br />
<br />
===Semantics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Semantics]])<br />
<br />
[[agent]], [[ambiguity]], [[antonym]], [[aspect]], [[commissive]], [[collective noun]], [[connotation]], [[de dicto and de re]], [[denotation]], [[directive]], [[echo question]], [[face]], [[hedge]], [[holonym]], [[hyperonym]], [[hyponym]], [[idiom]], [[illocution]], [[implicature]], [[indirect speech act]], [[internally caused situation]], [[meaning]], [[modality]], [[Natural Semantic Metalanguage]], [[performative verb]], [[perlocutionary act]], [[proposition]], [[protasis]], [[semantic marker]], [[semantic role]], [[sense]], [[specificity]], [[speech act]], [[thetic vs. categorical]], [[vagueness]]<br />
<br />
===Diachrony===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Diachrony]])<br />
<br />
[[antigrammaticalization]], [[borrowing]], [[genus]], [[haplology]], [[hyperanalysis]], [[innovation]], [[language family]], [[loanword]], [[normal transmission]], [[propagation]], [[push chain]], [[reanalysis]], [[sound law]], [[syntacticization]], [[xenism]]<br />
<br />
===Computational Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Computational Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[Brill-Tagger]], [[feature logic]], [[finite-state automata]], [[Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar|GPSG]], [[HPSG]], [[Lexical-Functional Grammar|LFG]], [[ID/LP rules]], [[KWIC concordance]], [[parser]], [[shallow parsing]], [[subsumption]], [[tagger]], [[Two-level morphology]], [[unification]], [[unification-based grammars]], [[machine translation]], [[chunking]]<br />
<br />
===Quantitative Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Quantitative Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[aims and methods of quantitative linguistics]], [[history of quantitative linguistics ]],<br />
[[property]], [[unit]], [[entropy]], [[frequency]], [[function]], [[law]], [[graph theory]], [[hypothesis]],<br />
[[index]], [[information]], [[information theory]], [[numeric classification]], [[length]], [[measure]],<br />
[[metrics]], [[model (building)]], [[economy]], [[process]], [[scale]], [[language law]], [[statistics]],<br />
[[structure]], [[synergetic linguistics]], [[system]], [[system requirement]], [[text]], [[text statistics]], <br />
[[theory]], [[distribution]], [[repetition]], [[properties of the word]], [[interrelation]], [[polysemy]], [[polytextuality]], [[neighbours]], [[Ngram frequency]]<br />
<br />
=Sample biographical articles=<br />
(see also: [[Portal:Biography]])<br />
<br />
[[Karl Ferdinand Becker]], [[Johannes Benzing]], [[Simon C. Dik]], [[Dionysius Thrax]], [[Stefan Elders]], [[H. Allan Gleason Jr.]], [[Einar Haugen]], [[Marco Haverkort]], [[Karl Erich Heidolph]], [[Boris Isaakovič Jarcho]], [[Georg Friedrich Meier]], [[Harry L. Shorto]],· [[John Sinclair]], [[Sergej A. Starostin]], [[Jost Winteler]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]<br />
<br />
=Other Languages=<br />
* Chinese [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|欢迎,新来者]]<br />
* Danish [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Velkommen]]<br />
* German [[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Hauptseite]]<br />
* Norwegian (Nynorsk) [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Velkomen]]<br />
* Spanish [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Bienvenidos]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Most_widely_spoken_languages&diff=17862Most widely spoken languages2022-03-02T01:38:34Z<p>Wohlgemuth: correction</p>
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<div>{{TOC}}<br />
<br />
==About==<br />
This table lists the approximately 1000 [[languoid]]s that have more than 100,000 speakers according to census data. The list has been compiled and computed using data from Ethnologue, publicly available census data, and "glossorama", an unpublished database by [[Mikael Parkvall]]. The information in this list is the same as the one featured in the appendix of the third edition of [[David Crystal]]'s ''"Encyclopedia of Language"'', 2010, the difference is only in formatting and sortability. <br />
<br />
==Abbreviations==<br />
: '''C''' - Central<br />
: '''E''' - East(ern)<br />
: '''N''' - North(ern)<br />
: '''PNG''' - Papua New Guinea<br />
: '''Rep.''' - Republic<br />
: '''S''' - South(ern)<br />
: '''W''' - West(ern)<br />
<br />
<br />
==The Table==<br />
{| border="1pt" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="10" class="sortable" <br />
|+ style="padding-bottom:1em; border:1pt" | '''Top 1000 languages'''<br />
|-<br />
! width="20%" | [[Language]] !! width="10%" | ISO 939-3<br>code(s) !! width="20%" | Where spoken? !! width="20%" | [[Language Family]] !! width="20%" | [[Genus]] !! width="10%" | [[Speaker]]s <br>(000)<br />
|- <br />
| [[Abron]] || abr || Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 122<br />
|-<br />
| [[Abung]] || abl || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 727<br />
|-<br />
| [[Acehnese]] || ace || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 3675<br />
|-<br />
| [[Acholi]] || ach || Sudan, Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 1,342<br />
|-<br />
| [[Adhola]] || adh || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 573<br />
|-<br />
| [[Adi]] || adi || India, China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 254<br />
|-<br />
| [[Adioukrou]] || adj || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 125<br />
|-<br />
| [[Adyghe]] || ady || Russia || [[Northwest Caucasian]] || [[Northwest Caucasian]] || 532<br />
|-<br />
| [[Afar]] || aar || Ethiopia, Djibouti, Eritrea || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 1,856<br />
|-<br />
| [[Afrikaans]] || afr || South Africa || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 6,422<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ahanta]] || aha || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ahirani]] || ahr || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 827<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aimaq]] || aiq || Afghanistan, Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 1,078<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aja]] || aja || Central African Rep., Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Kresh]] || 1,171<br />
|-<br />
| [[Akan]] || aka || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 10,468<br />
|-<br />
| [[Akha]] || ahk || China, Myanmar, Thailand || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 458<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aklanon]] || akl || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 564<br />
|-<br />
| [[Akoose]] || bss || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Alaba]] || alw || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 181<br />
|-<br />
| [[Albanian]] || aln, als || Albania, Serbia and Montenegro || [[Indo-European]] || [[Albanian]] || 6,500<br />
|-<br />
| [[Alur]] || alz || DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 2,112<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ama]] (Nyima, Nyimang) || nyi || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nyimang]] || 116<br />
|-<br />
| [[Amharic]] || amh || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 25,325<br />
|-<br />
| [[Amis]] || ami || Taiwan || [[Austronesian]] || [[Paiwanic]] || 136<br />
|-<br />
| [[Anaang]] || anw || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 1,274<br />
|-<br />
| [[Angas]] (Ngas) || anc || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 485<br />
|-<br />
| [[Angika]] (Anga) || anp || India, Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 814<br />
|-<br />
| [[Anuak]] (Anywak) || anu || Sudan, Ethiopia || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 150<br />
|-<br />
| [[Anufo]] || cko || Benin, Ghana, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 155<br />
|-<br />
| [[Anyin]] || any || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 1,049<br />
|-<br />
| [[Anyin Morofo]] || mtb || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 398<br />
|-<br />
| [[Arabic]] || arb || N Africa, Middle East, Arabian Peninsula || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 284,261<br />
|-<br />
| [[Arakanese]] || mhv || Bangladesh, Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 1,349<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aramaic]] (Modern) || → Neo-Aramaic || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aringa]] || luc || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Moru-Madi]] || 888<br />
|-<br />
| [[Armenian]] || hye || Armenia, Iran, Turkey || [[Indo-European]] || [[Armenian]] || 5,171<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aromunian]] || rup || Balkans || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 234<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ashanti]] || → Akan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Assamese]] || asm || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 15,916<br />
|-<br />
| [[Asu]] || asa || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 803<br />
|-<br />
| [[Attié]] || ati || Côte d’Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 501<br />
|-<br />
| [[Atuence]] || atf || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 627<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aushi]] || auh || Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 244<br />
|-<br />
| [[Avar]] || ava || Azerbaijan, Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Avar-Andic-Tsezic]] || 766<br />
|-<br />
| [[Awadhi]] || awa || India, Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 22,661<br />
|-<br />
| [[Awngi]] || awn || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Central Cushitic]] || 509<br />
|-<br />
| [[Awutu]] || afu || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 147<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ayizo]] || ayb || Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 343<br />
|-<br />
| [[Aymara]] || ayc, ayr || Bolivia, Chile, Peru || [[Aymaran]] || [[Aymaran]] || 1811<br />
|-<br />
| [[Azande]] || → Zande || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Azerbaijani]] (Azeri) || azb, azj || Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 22,283<br />
|-<br />
| [[Baatonum]] || bba || Benin, Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 655<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bacama]] || bcy || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 182<br />
|-<br />
| [[Badaga]] || bfq || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S Dravidian]] || 269<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bade]] || bde || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 304<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bagheli]] || bfy || India, Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 434<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bagri]] || bgq || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 2,292<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bahasa Indonesia]] || → Malay || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bahnar]] || bdq || Vietnam || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Bahnaric]] || 178<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bai]] || bca || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bai]] || 1,318<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bajau]] || bdl, ssb || Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sama-Bajaw]] || 149<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bakumpai]] || bkr || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bakundu]] || bdu || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 140<br />
|-<br />
| [[Balanta-Ganja]] || bjt || Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 107<br />
|-<br />
| [[Balanta-Kentohe]] || ble || Guinea-Bissau || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 395<br />
|-<br />
| [[Balinese]] || ban || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 4,166<br />
|-<br />
| [[Balochi]] (Baluchi) || bgp || Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 8,024<br />
|-<br />
| [[Balti]] || bft || India, Pakistan || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 291<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bambara]] || bam || Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 4,561<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bamun]] || bax || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 310<br />
|-<br />
| [[Banda]] || bjo || Central African Rep. || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 907<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bandi]] || bza || Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 123<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bangala]] || bxg || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 3,500 [[L2]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bangaru]] || → Haryanvi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Banggai]] || bgz || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bangubangu]] || bnx || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 305<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bantawa]] || bap || Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Kiranti]] || 457<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bantoanon]] || bno || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Philippine]] || 167<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bareli]] || bfb, bpx, bgd || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 369<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bari]] || bfa || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 789<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bariba]] || → Baatonum || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Basa]] (Abacha) || bzw || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic-Congo]] || 231<br />
|-<br />
| [[Basaá]] || bas || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 329<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bashkir]] || bak || Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 1,166<br />
|-<br />
| [[Basque]] || eus || France, Spain || [[Isolate]] || &nbsp; || 665<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bassa]] || bsq || Liberia, Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic-Congo]] || 486<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bata]] || bta || Nigeria, Cameroon || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 182<br />
|-<br />
| [[Batak Angkola]] || akb || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 779<br />
|-<br />
| [[Batak Dairi]] || btd || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 1,200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Batak Karo]] || btx || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 622<br />
|-<br />
| [[Batak Mandailing]] || btm || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 415<br />
|-<br />
| [[Batak Simalungun]] || bts || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 1,200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Batak Toba]] || bbc || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 2,078<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bathudi]] || → Oriya || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Baule]] (Baoulé) || bci || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 2,790<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bedawi]] (Beja) || bej || Sudan, Eritrea || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Beja]] || 2,176<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bekwarra]] || bkv || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Belarusan]] (Belorussian) || bel || Belarus || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 7,198<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bemba]] (Chibemba) || bem || Zambia, DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 3,941<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bemba]] (Kinyabemba) || bmy || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 533<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bembe]] || bmb || DR Congo, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bena]] || bez || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 937<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bena]] (Yungur) || yun || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 114<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bena-Lulua]] || → CiLuba || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bench]] (Ghimarra) || bcq || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Omotic]] || 248<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bengali]] || ben || Bangladesh, India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 206,666<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bera]] (Kibira) || brf || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 237<br />
|-<br />
| [[Berber]] || tzm || Algeria, Morocco || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 3,768<br />
|-<br />
| [[Berber]] (Rif) || → Tarifit || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Berom]] (Birom) || bom || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Platoid]] || 363<br />
|-<br />
| [[Berta]] || wti || Ethiopia, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Berta]] || 218<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bété]] || bev || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kru]] || 544<br />
|-<br />
| [[Beti]] || btb || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,795<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bhatri]] || bgw || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 657<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bhilali]] (Bhilala) || bhi || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 984<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bhili]] || bhb || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,196<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bhojpuri]] || bho || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 29,525<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bhumij]] || → Mundari || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bicolano]] || → Bikol || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bikol]] || bcl || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 5,560<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bilaspuri]] || kfs || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 323<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bilin]] (Bilen) || byn || Eritrea || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Central Cushitic]] || 118<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bima]] || bhp || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 518<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bimoba]] || bim || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 118<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bingkokak]] || → Tolaki || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bini]] || bin || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Edoid]] || 3,089<br />
|-<br />
| [[Binji]] || bpj || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 293<br />
|-<br />
| [[Binukid]] || bkd || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippines]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Birifor]] || bfo || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 281<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bisa]] (Bissa) || bib || Burkina Faso, Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[E Mande]] || 770<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bitare]] || brt || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 137<br />
|-<br />
| [[Biyo]] || byo || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Blaan]] (Bolinao) || bpr, bps, smk || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[South Mindanao]] || 186<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bobo Madaré]] (Bobo Fing) || bbo, bwq || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 463<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bodo]] || brx || India,Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Baric]] || 754<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bokar]] || → Adi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bokyi]] || bky || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 255<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bole]] || bol || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bolia]] || bli || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bomu]] (Boomu) || bmq || Mali, Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 223<br />
|-<br />
| [[Borana]] || → Oromo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bori]] || → Adi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bosnian]] (*) || bos || Bosnia-Herzegovina || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 4,000<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bouyei]] (Buyi, Giáy) || pcc || China, Vietnam || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 2,605<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bozo]] || boz || Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 479<br />
|-<br />
| [[Brahui]] || brh || Pakistan || [[Dravidian]] || [[N Dravidian]] || 2,664<br />
|-<br />
| [[Breton]] || bre || France || [[Indo-European]] || [[Celtic]] || 344<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bru]] || bru, brv || Laos || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Katuic]] || 173<br />
|-<br />
| [[Brunei]] || kxd || Brunei, Malaysia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 250<br />
|-<br />
| [[Budu]] || buu || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 353<br />
|-<br />
| [[Budza]] || bja || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 443<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bugis]] || bug || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 4,926<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bukusu]] || bxk || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 731<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bulgarian]] || bul || Bulgaria || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 6,928<br />
|-<br />
| [[Buli]] || bwu || Ghana, Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 142<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bulu]] || bum || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 242<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bumthangkha]] || kjz || Bhutan || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 100<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bunak]] || bfn || East Timor, Indonesia || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Timor-Alor-Pantar]] || 119<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bundeli]] || bns || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 706<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bunu]] || bwx || China || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmongic]] || 305<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bura-Pabir]] || bwr || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Biu-Mandara]] || 303<br />
|-<br />
| [[Buriat]] || bxm || China, Mongolia, Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Mongolic]] || 450<br />
|-<br />
| [[Burmese]] || mya || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 33,212<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bushoong]] || buf || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 276<br />
|-<br />
| [[Bwa]] (Bwamu) || bww || Burkina Faso, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 454<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cakchiquel]] || → Kaqchikel || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Caluyanun]] || clu || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 244<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cambodian]] || → Khmer || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cantonese]] || yue || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 59,570<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cao Lan]] || mlc || Vietnam, China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Central Tai]] || 200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Capiznon]] (Capiseño) || cps || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 638<br />
|-<br />
| [[Catalan]] || cat || Spain || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 6,457<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cebaara]] || → Senoufo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cebuano]] || ceb || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 22,780<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chaga]] (Chagga) || jmc, old || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 419<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chakma]] || ccp || India, Banglades || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 688<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chaldean]] (Modern) || → Neo-Aramaic || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cham]] || cjm, cja || Vietnam, Cambodia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 360<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chaozhou]] || → Min Nan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chattisgarhi]] (Laria, Khaltahi) || hne || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 12,663<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chaungtha]] || ccq || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 105<br />
|-<br />
| [[Che]] || ruk || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chechen]] || che || Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Nakh]] || 1,288<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cheremis]] || → Mari || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chichewa]] (Chewa, Nyanja) || nya || Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 11,968<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chiga]] || cgg || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,033<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chinantec]] || cco, cle, cpa, chq, cuc, cso, cnt || Mexico || [[Oto-Manguean]] || [[Chinantecan]] || 135<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chinese]] || → Gan, Hakka, Mandarin, Minbei, Minnan, Wu, Xiang, Yue || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chittagonian]] || cit || Bangladesh || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 16,231<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chodri]] || cdi || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 248<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chokwe]] || cjk || Angola, Zambia, DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,418<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chol]] || cti, ctu || Mexico || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 163<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chonyi]] || coh || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 152<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chopi]] || cce || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 823<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chuvash]] || chv || Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 1,178<br />
|-<br />
| [[Chuwabu]] (Chwabo) || chw || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,285<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cibak]] || ckl || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[CiLuba]] || lua || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 7,501<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cishingini]] || asg || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[C'lela]] (Lela) || dri || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 109<br />
|-<br />
| [[Comorian]] || swb || Comoros Islands, Mayotte || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 962<br />
|-<br />
| [[Corsican]] || cos || France || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 236<br />
|-<br />
| [[Crimean Turkish]] (Crimean Tatar) || crh || Uzbekistan, Bulgaria, Romania || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 355<br />
|-<br />
| [[Croatian]] (*) || hrv || Croatia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 6,200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Cuyonon]] || cyo || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 172<br />
|-<br />
| [[Czech]] || ces || Czech Rep. || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 10,018<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dabida]] || → Taita || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dagaare]] (Dagaari) || dga || Burkina Faso, Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 573<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dagara]] || dgi || Burkina FAso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 477<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dagbani]] || dag || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 971<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dagur]] (Daur) || dta || China || [[Altaic]] || [[Mongolic]] || 102<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dai]] (Hlai) || lic || China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Hlai]] || 708<br />
|-<br />
| [[Daju]] || daj || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Daju]] || 417<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dan]] || daf || Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[E Mande]] || 988<br />
|-<br />
| [[Danakil]] || → Afar || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dangme]] || ada || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 817<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dani]] || dni || Indonesia || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Dani]] || 279<br />
|-<br />
| [[Danish]] || dan || Denmark || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 5,316<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dargwa]] || dar || Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Lak-Dargwa]] || 464<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dari]] (E Farsi) || prs || Afghanistan, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 6,600<br />
|-<br />
| [[Datooga]] || tcc || Tanzania || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 123<br />
|-<br />
| [[Davawenyo]] || daw || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dayak]] (Malayic D.) || xdy || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 539<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dazaga]] || dzg || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[W]] || 593<br />
|-<br />
| [[Deccan]] || dcc || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 11,756<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dendi]] || ddn || Benin || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Songhai]] || 154<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dhatki]] || mki || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 171<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dhivehi]] || div || Maldives || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 339<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dhundari]] || dhd || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Iranian]] || 9,872<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dibo]] || dio || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dida]] || dic, gud, ney || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kru]] || 195<br />
|-<br />
| [[Didinga]] || did || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Surmic]] || 171<br />
|-<br />
| [[Digo]] || dig || Kenya, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 397<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dimli]] || diq || Turkey || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 1,667<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ding]] || diz || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 275<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dinka]] || dip || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 2,210<br />
|-<br />
| [[Diola-Fogny]] (Jola-Fogny) || dyo || Gambia, Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 624<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ditammari]] || tbz || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dogon]] || dba, dts || Burkina Faso, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Dogon]] || 784<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dogri]] (Dogri-Kangri) || dgo, xnr || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,575<br />
|-<br />
| [[Doko]] || → Ngombe || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Domari]] || rmt || Iran, Israel, Jordan, Syria || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 374<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dong]] || doc, kmc || China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 1,701<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dongolawi ]] || → Kenuzi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dongxiang]] (Santa) || sce || China || [[Altaic]] || [[Mongolic]] || 266<br />
|-<br />
| [[Duala]] || dua || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 147<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dubla]] (Dubli) || dub || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 250<br />
|-<br />
| [[Duruma]] || dug || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 311<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dusun]] || dun, duq, duw || Malaysia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 241<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dutch]] || nld || Netherlands || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 21,023<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dyerma]] (Zarma) || dje || Niger, Nigeria || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Songhay]] || 2,970<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dyula]] (Jula) || dyu || Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,952<br />
|-<br />
| [[Dzongkha]] || dzo || Bhutan, India, Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 440<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ebira]] || igb || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Nupoid]] || 1,234<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ebrié]] || ebr || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 101<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ede Idaca]] || idd || Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ede Nago]] || nqg || Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 398<br />
|-<br />
| [[Edo]] || → Bini || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Efik]] || efi || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 799<br />
|-<br />
| [[Eggon]] || ego || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 170<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ekari]] || ekg || Indonesia || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ekit]] || eke || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ekpeye]] || ekp || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 287<br />
|-<br />
| [[Emai-Iuleha-Ora]] || ema || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Edoid]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Embu]] (Embo) || ebu || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 547<br />
|-<br />
| [[Endo]] || enb || Kenya || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 100<br />
|-<br />
| [[Enga]] || enq || PNG || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Engan]] || 254<br />
|-<br />
| [[English]] || eng || UK, USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Ireland, worldwide || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 361,762<br> + 1,500,000 [[L2]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Erzya]] || → Mordvin || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Esan]] || ish || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 144<br />
|-<br />
| [[Estonian]] || est || Estonia || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 962<br />
|-<br />
| [[Etsako]] || ets || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Edoid]] || 332<br />
|-<br />
| [[Éwé]] || ewe || Ghana, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 3,731<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ewondo]] || ewo || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 925<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fang]] || fak, fan || Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 713<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fante]] || → Akan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Farefare]] || → Gurenne || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Farsi]] || → Persian || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fe'fe']] || fmp || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 178<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fiji Hindustani]] || hif || Fiji || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 403<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fijian]] || fij || Fiji || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 478<br />
|-<br />
| [[Finnish]] || fin || Finland || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 5,165<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fipa]] || fip || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 390<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fongbe]] (Fon) || fon || Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 1,868<br />
|-<br />
| [[French]] || fra || France, Switzerland, Belgium, Canada, worldwide || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 74,521<br> + 500,000 [[L2]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Frisian]] || fri || Germany, Netherlands || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 433<br />
|-<br />
| [[Friulian]] (Furlan) || fur || Italy || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 600<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fulani]] (Fula, Pulaar, Fulacunda) || fub, fuc, fuf, fuh || Cameroon, Nigeria, Mauritania, Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 14,853<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fulfulde]] || ffm || Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 7,525<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fuliiru]] || flr || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 580<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fur]] || fvr || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Fur]] || 915<br />
|-<br />
| [[Fuzhou]] || → Min Dong || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gã]] || gaa || Ghana, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 953<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gaelic, Irish]] || gle || Ireland || [[Indo-European]] || [[Celtic]] || 350<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gaelic, Scots]] || gla || UK || [[Indo-European]] || [[Celtic]] || 168<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gagauz]] || gag || Moldova || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 190<br />
|-<br />
| [[Galician]] || glg || Spain || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 2,425<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gallong]] || → Adi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gamit]] || gbl || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 296<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gamo]] || → Kullo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gamo-Gofa-Dawro]] || → Kullo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gan]] || gan || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 21,880<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ganda]] || → Luganda || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Garhwali]] || gbm || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,201<br />
|-<br />
| [[Garífuna]] || cab || Belize, Guatemala, Honduras || [[Arawakan]] || [[Arawakan]] || 138<br />
|-<br />
| [[Garo]] || grt || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Baric]] || 810<br />
|-<br />
| [[Garreh-Ajuran]] || ggh || Kenya || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 162<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gayo]] || gay || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 188<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gbaya]] (Gbagyi, Gwaya) || gby, krs, gbp, gbq, gya || Central African Rep. || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 1,128<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gedeo]] || drs || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 910<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gen]] || gej || Togo, Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 409<br />
|-<br />
| [[Georgian]] || kat || Georgia || [[Kartvelian]] || [[Kartvelian]] || 3,579<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gera]] || gew || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[German]] || deu || Austria, Germany, Switzerland || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 92,113<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ghomálá']] (Bamendjuu) || bbj || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 379<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gidar]] || gid || Cameroon || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Biu-Mandara]] || 102<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gikuyu]] || → Kikuyu || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gilaki]] || glk || Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 3,097<br />
|-<br />
| [[Giryama]] || nyf || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 786<br />
|-<br />
| [[Giziga]] || gis, giz || Cameroon || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Biu-Mandara]] || 116<br />
|-<br />
| [[Goajiro]] (Guajiro) || guc || Colombia, Venezuela || [[Arawakan]] || [[Arawakan]] || 310<br />
|-<br />
| [[Goemai]] || ank || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gogo]] || gog || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,524<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gojri]] (Gujari) || gju || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,237<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gokana]] || gkn || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gola]] || gol || Liberia, Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[S Atlantic]] || 143<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gondi]] || ggo, gno || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 2,569<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gonja]] || gjn || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 231<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gor]] || gqr || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 175<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gorontalo]] || gor || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 934<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gourmanchéma]] (Gurma) || gux || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 1,116<br />
|-<br />
| [[Grebo]] || gry || Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kru]] || 396<br />
|-<br />
| [[Greek]] (Modern) || ell || Greece, Cyprus || [[Indo-European]] || [[Greek]] || 11,832<br />
|-<br />
| [[Guaraní]] || grn, gug || Paraguay || [[Tupian]] || [[Tupi-Guaraní]] || 4,482<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gujarati]] || guj || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 50,415<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gujari]] (Gujuri) || → Gojri || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gulay]] || gvl || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 265<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gumuz]] || guk || Ethiopia, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Gumuz]] || 240<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gun]] || guw || Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 648<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gurenne]] || gur || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 474<br />
|-<br />
| [[Guro]] || goa || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[E Mande]] || 415<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gurung]] || ggn, gvr || Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 377<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gusii]] || guz || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,001<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gwere]] || gwr || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Gworok]] || kcg || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Platoid]] || 157<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ha]] || haq || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,242<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hadiyya]] || hdy || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 1,320<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hakka]] || hak || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 30,789<br />
|-<br />
| [[Halbi]] || hlb || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 580<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hangaza]] || han || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 209<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hani]] || hni || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 553<br />
|-<br />
| [[Harauti]] || hoj || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 972<br />
|-<br />
| [[Haryanvi]] || bgc || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 14,271<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hausa]] || hau || Niger, Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 38,398<br />
|-<br />
| [[Havu]] || hav || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 911<br />
|-<br />
| [[Haya]] || hay || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,685<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hazaragi]] || haz || Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 3,797<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hebrew]] (Modern) || heb || Israel || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 3,569<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hehe]] || heh || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,302<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hema]] || nix || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 223<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hemba]] || hem || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 323<br />
|-<br />
| [[Herero]] || her || Botswana, Namibia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 172<br />
|-<br />
| [[Higi]] || → Kamwe || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hiligaynon]] || hil || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 8,446<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hindi]] || hin || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 304,058<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hindko]] || hno, hnd || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,195<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hlai]] || → Dai || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hmong]] || hmn || China, Thailand, Vietnam || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmong-Mien]] || 8,436<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hmong Daw]] || mww || China, Vietnam || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmong-Mien]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hmong Njua]] || blu || China || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmong-Mien]] || 220<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ho]] || hoc || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 1,169<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hokkien]] || → Min Nan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Honi]] || how || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hre]] || hre || Vietnam || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Bahnaric]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Huastec]] || hsf || Mexico || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 152<br />
|-<br />
| [[Huba]] || hbb || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 212<br />
|-<br />
| [[Huli]] || hul || PNG || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 108<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hunde]] || hke || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 355<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hungarian]] (Magyar) || hun || Hungary || [[Uralic]] || [[Ugric]] || 12,755<br />
|-<br />
| [[Hyam]] || jab || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Iban]] || iba || Malaysia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 561<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ibanag]] || ibg || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 642<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ibibio]] || ibb || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 2985<br />
|-<br />
| [[Icelandic]] || isl || Iceland || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 308<br />
|-<br />
| [[Idakho-Isukha-Tiriki]] || ida || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 386<br />
|-<br />
| [[Idoma]] || idu || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Idomoid]] || 972<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ifè]] || ife || Togo, Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 217<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ifugao]] || ifb || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 215<br />
|-<br />
| [[Igala]] || igl || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 1,392<br />
|-<br />
| [[Igbo]] (Ibo) || ibo || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Igboid]] || 20,810<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ijo lgs.]] || ijc || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Ijoid]] || 4,767<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ikposo]] || → Kposo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ikwere]] || ikw || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 929<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ilanun]] || mbi || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippines]] || 196<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ilocano]] || ilo || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 9,610<br />
|-<br />
| [[Indonesian]] || → Malay || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ingessana]] (Gaam) || tbi || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[E Jebel]] || 111<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ingush]] || inh || Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Nakh]] || 375<br />
|-<br />
| [[Inonhan]] || loc || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 107<br />
|-<br />
| [[Inor]] || ior || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 399<br />
|-<br />
| [[Iraqw]] || irk || Tanzania || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[S Cushitic]] || 575<br />
|-<br />
| [[Isan]] || → Thai || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Isekiri]] || its || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Defoid]] || 4,798<br />
|-<br />
| [[Isoko]] || iso || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Edoid]] || 595<br />
|-<br />
| [[Italian]] || ita || Italy, Switzerland || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 59,393<br />
|-<br />
| [[Itawis]] (Itawit) || itv || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 197<br />
|-<br />
| [[Iu Mien]] || ium || China || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmong-Mien]] || 1,011<br />
|-<br />
| [[Izi-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo]] || izi || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Igboid]] || 719<br />
|-<br />
| [[Izon]] || ijc || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Ijoid]] || 1,217<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jadgali]] || jdg || Pakistan, Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 105<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jalonke]] (Yalunka) || yal || Guinea || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 162<br />
|-<br />
| [[Japanese]] || jpn || Japan || [[Japanese]] || [[Japanese]] || 127,005<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jarai]] || jra || Vietnam, Cambodia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Chamic]] || 356<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jarawa]] || jar || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 182<br />
|-<br />
| [[Javanese]] || jav || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 78,810<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jingpho]] || kac || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Jinghpo]] || 828<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jita]] || jit || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 303<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jju]] || kaj || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 363<br />
|-<br />
| [[Johari]] || → Kumauni || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jumli]] || jml || Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 984<br />
|-<br />
| [[Jur Mödö]] || bex || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 185<br />
|-<br />
| [[Juray]] || juy || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 878<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kabardian]] || kbd || Russia || [[Northwest Caucasian]] || [[Northwest Caucasian]] || 1,054<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kabiyé]] || kbp || Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 964<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kabyle]] || kab || Algeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 3,392<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kachchi]] || kfr || India, Pakistan, Kenya || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 678<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kadara]] || kad || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 217<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kadazan]] || kzj || Malaysia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Borneo]] || 109<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kado]] || kdv || Myanmar, China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 219<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kagulu]] (Kaguru) || kki || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 303<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kaili]] || lew || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 300<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kako]] || kkj || Cameroon, Central African Rep. || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 138<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kakwa]] || keo || Uganda, Sudan, DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 220<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kalabari]] || ijn || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Ijo]] || 313<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kalagan]] || kqe || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 114<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kalanga]] || kck || Botswana, Zimbabwe || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 623<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kalenjin]] || → Nandi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kalmyk]] || → Oirat || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kamayo]] || kyk || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 107<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kamba]] || kam || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 3,668<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kambera]] || xbr || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 244<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kamwe]] || hig || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 363<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kana]] (Khana) || ogo, tkq || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kanauji]] || bjj || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 6,579<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kanembu]] || kbl || Chad, Niger, Nigeria || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Saharan]] || 672<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kangri]] || xnr || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,863<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kanjobal]] (E) || kjb || Guatemala || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 104<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kankanay]] || kne || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 308<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kannada]] || kan || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S Dravidian]] || 39,291<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kanuri]] || knc || Chad, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Saharan]] || 5,092<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kanyok]] || kny || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 392<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kaonde]] || kqn || Zambia, DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 350<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kapampangan]] || pam || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 2,719<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kaqchikel]] || cak, ckk, cke, chc, cki, ckj || Mesoamerica || [[Mayan]] || [[Quichean]] || 590<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kara]] || reg || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karachay-Balkar]] || krc || Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 282<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karakalpak]] || kaa || Uzbekistan || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 525<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karamojong]] (Karimojong) || kdj || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 631<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karbi]] || mjw || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kare]] || kbn || Central African Rep. || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 137<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karekare]] || kai || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 212<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karen]] ([[Pwo]]) || kjp, pwo, pww || China, Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Karen]] || 931<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karen]] ([[Sgaw]]) || ksw || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Karen]] || 974<br />
|-<br />
| [[Karen]], other || &nbsp; || China, Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Karen]] || 631<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kasem]] || xsm || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 302<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kashmiri]] || kas || India, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 5,785<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kataang]] || kgd || Laos || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Mon-Khmer]] || 125<br />
|-<br />
| [[Katcha-Kadugli-Miri]] || xtc || Sudan || [[Kadugli]] || [[Kadugli]] || 137<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kayah Li]] (E) || eky, kvu, kvy, kxf, kyu || Myanmar, Thailand || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Karen]] || 483<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kazakh]] || kaz || Kazakhstan, Russia, China || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 11,037<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kefa]] (Kafa) || kbr || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Omotic]] || 814<br />
|-<br />
| [[K'ekchí]] || kek || Guatemala || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 743<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kele]] || khy || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 284<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kemak]] || kem || East Timor, Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Timor]] || 122<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kendayan]] || knx || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 155<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kenuzi(Kunuz, Dongolese) || kzh || Egypt, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nubian]] || 407<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kenyi]] || lke || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 430<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kerewe]] (Kerebe) || ked || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kewa]] || kew, kjs || PNG || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Engan]] || 132<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khandesi]] || khn || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,545<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kharia]] || khr || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 306<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khasi]] || kha || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Khasian]] || 1,012<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khengkha]] || xkf || Bhutan || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 125<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khmer]] || khm, kxm || SE Asia || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Khmer]] || 15,928<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khmu']] || kjg || Laos, Thailand || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Palaung-Khmuic]] || 552<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khowar]] || khw || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 248<br />
|-<br />
| [[Khün]] || kkh || Myanmar, Thailand || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 105<br />
|-<br />
| [[K'iche']] || quc || Guatemala || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 1,210<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kikongo]] || kon || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic-Congo]] || 4,458<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kikuyu]] || kik || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 6,754<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kim Mun]] || mji || China || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmong-Mien]] || 391<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kimbu]] || kiv || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 109<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kimbundu]] || kmb || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,004<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kinaray-A]] || krj || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 799<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kinga]] || gmx, zga || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 196<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kinyarwanda]] || → Rwanda || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kirghiz]] || kir || Kyrgyzstan, China || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 4,183<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kiribati]] || gil || Kiribati || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 115<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kirike]] || okr || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Ijo]] || 301<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kisi]] (Kissi) || kqs, kss || Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[S Atlantic]] || 796<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kistane]] || → Soddo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Klao]] || klu || Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kru]] || 256<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kofyar]] || kwl || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 133<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kohistani]] || plk || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 232<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koho]] || kpm || Vietnam || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Bahnaric]] || 137<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kohumono]] || bcs || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 240<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kokborok]] || trp || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Baric]] || 884<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kokota]] || kkk || Solomon Islands || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 262<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koli]] || gjk, kxp || Pakistan, India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 524<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kom]] || bkm || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 223<br />
|-<br />
| [[Komering]] || kge || Indonesian || [[Austronesian]] || [[Lampungic]] || 731<br />
|-<br />
| [[Komi-Zyrian]] || kpv || Russia || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 202<br />
|-<br />
| [[Komo]] || xom || Ethiopia, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Koman]] || 731<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kongo]] || → Kikongo || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Konjo]] || kjc || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 803<br />
|-<br />
| [[Konkani]] || knn || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 7,667<br />
|-<br />
| [[Konkomba]] || xon || Ghana, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 567<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kono]] || kno || Sierra Leone || [[Niger Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 252<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kono]] || knu || Guinea, Liberia || [[Niger Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 135<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koranko]] (Kuranko) || knk || Guinea, Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 347<br />
|-<br />
| [[Korean]] || kor || North Korea, South Korea || [[Korean]] || [[Korean]] || 75,915<br />
|-<br />
| [[Korku]] || kfq || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 537<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koromfé]] || kfz || Burkina Faso, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 273<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koya]] || kff || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 361<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koyaga]] || kga || Côte d’Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Manding-Jogo]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Koyra]] (Koorete) || kqy || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Omotic]] || 148<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kpelle]] || xpe || Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,151<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kposo]] || kpo || Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 199<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kui]] || kxu || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 871<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kukele]] || kez || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 114<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kukú]] || → Bari || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kulango]] || kzc || Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 348<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kullo]] || gmo || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Omotic]] || 4,682<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kumam]] || kdi || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kuman]] || kue || PNG || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Chimbu]] || 123<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kumauni]] || kfy || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 2,595<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kumyk]] || kum || Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 382<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kunama]] || kun || Eritrea, Ethiopia || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Kunama]] || 164<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kunda]] || kdn || Zimbabwe, Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 148<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kupsabiny]] || → Sebei || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kurdish]] (Kurmanji) || kmr || Turkey, Iran, Iraq || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 20,525<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kuria]] || kuj || Tanzania, Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 577<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kurumba]] || kfi || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[Tamil-Kannada]] || 244<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kurux]] (Kurukh) || kru || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[N Dravidian]] || 2,179<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kusaal]] || kus || Ghana, Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 454<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kuvi]] || kxv || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 229<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kuy]] || kdt || Thailand, Laos, Cambodia || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Mon-Khmer]] || 454<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kwanyama]] || kua || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 885<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kwaya]] || kya || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 142<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kwere]] || cwe || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 137<br />
|-<br />
| [[Kwese]] || kws || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lahu]] || lhu || China, Myanmar, Thailand || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 604<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lak]] || lbe || Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Lak-Dargwa]] || 152<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lala-Bisa]] || leb || Zambia, DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 318<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lama]] || las || Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 219<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lamaholot]] || slp || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 155<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lamani]] (Lambadi) || lmn || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,143<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lamba]] || lam || DR Congo, Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 201<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lambya]] || lai || Malawi, Ranzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 111<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lamnso']] || lns || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 172<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lampung]] || ljp || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Lampungic]] || 1,563<br />
|-<br />
| [[Langi]] || lag || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 489<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lango]] || laj || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 1,666<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lao]] (Laotian) || lao || Laos, Thailand || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 3,996<br />
|-<br />
| [[Latvian]] || lav || Latvia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Baltic]] || 1,491<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lawangan]] || lbx || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Barito]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ledo]] || → Kaili || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lega]] || lea, lgm || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 791<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lele]] || lln || Chad || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[East Chadic]] || 127<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lendu]] || led || DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Lendu]] || 1,357<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lengola]] || lej || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lenje]] || leh || Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 148<br />
|-<br />
| [[Letzebuergesch]] || → Luxembugeois || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lewotobi]] || lwt || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Timor]] || 300<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lezgian]] (Lezgi) || lez || Azerbaijan, Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Lezgic]] || 541<br />
|-<br />
| [[Limba]] || lia, lma || Sierra Leone, Guinea || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic]] || 481<br />
|-<br />
| [[Limbu]] || lif || Bhutan, India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 414<br />
|-<br />
| [[Limbum]] || lmp || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lingala]] || lin || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 4,228<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lingao]] || onb || China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 638<br />
|-<br />
| [[Li'o]] || ljl || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 136<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lisu]] || lis || China, Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 745<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lithuanian]] || lit || Lithuania || [[Indo-European]] || [[Baltic]] || 3,180<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lobala]] || loq || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lobi]] || lob || Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 560<br />
|-<br />
| [[Logo]] || log || DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Moru-Ma'di]] || 376<br />
|-<br />
| [[Logooli]] || rag || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 248<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lokaa]] || yaz || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 195<br />
|-<br />
| [[Loko]] || lok || Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 160<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lolo]] || llb || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 154<br />
|-<br />
| [[Loma]] || lom || Guinea, Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 206<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lomwe]] || ngl || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,940<br />
|-<br />
| [[Londo]] || → Bakundu || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Low German]] || nds || Germany || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 3,103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lozi]] || loz || Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 776<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lü]] || khb || China, Laos, Myanmar || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 703<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luba]] || → CiLuba || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lucazi]] (Luchazi) || lch || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 216<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luganda]] || lug || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 5,259<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lugbara]] || lgg || DR Congo, Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Moru-Ma'di]] || 2,456<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luguru]] || ruf || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,014<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lunda]] || lun || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 355<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luo]] || luo || Kenya, Tanzania || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 4,391<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luri]] || lrc || Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 3,453<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luvale]] || lue || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 592<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luwo]] || lwo || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 134<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luxembourgeois]] || ltz || Luxembourg || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 392<br />
|-<br />
| [[Luyia]] || luy || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 5,177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Lyélé]] || lee || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 245<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ma'anyan]] || mhy || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Borneo]] || 155<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maasai]] || mas || Kenya, Tanzania || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 1,005<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maay]] || ymm || Somalia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 665<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maba]] || mde || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Maban]] || 621<br />
|-<br />
| [[Macedonian]] || mkd || Macedonia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 1,901<br />
|-<br />
| [[Machame]] || → Chaga || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mada]] || mda || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Platoid]] || 122<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ma'di]] || mhi || Sudan, Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Moru-Ma'di]] || 344<br />
|-<br />
| [[Madurese]] (Madura) || mad || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 14,308<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mafa]] || maf || Cameroon, Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 214<br />
|-<br />
| [[Magahi]] || mag || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 14,287<br />
|-<br />
| [[Magar]] || mgp, mrd || Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 852<br />
|-<br />
| [[Magindanao]] || mdh || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippines]] || 1,292<br />
|-<br />
| [[Magyar]] || → Hungarian || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mahasu Pahari]] || bfz || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 548<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maithili]] || mai || India, Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 27,631<br />
|-<br />
| [[Makaa]] || mcp || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 110<br />
|-<br />
| [[Makasae]] || mkz || East Timor || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Timor-Alor-Pantar]] || 141<br />
|-<br />
| [[Makassar]] (Makasar) || mak || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 1,666<br />
|-<br />
| [[Makhuwa-Meetto]] || mgh || Mozambique, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 506<br />
|-<br />
| [[Makonde]] || kde || Mozambique, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,763<br />
|-<br />
| [[Makua]] (Makhuwa) || vmw || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 5,476<br />
|-<br />
| [[Malagasy]] || bhr || Madagascar || [[Austronesian]] || [[Borneo]] || 19,292<br />
|-<br />
| [[Malay]] ([[Malaysian]], [[Indonesian]]) || mly, ind || Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 74,802<br />
|-<br />
| [[Malayalam]] || mal || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S Dravidian]] || 39,015<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maldivian]] || → Divehi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Malinke]] || mlq, mwk || Senegal, Gambia, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Manding-Jogo]] || 749<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maltese]] || mlt || Malta || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 510<br />
|-<br />
| [[Malvi]] || mup || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,208<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mam]] || mvc, mms || Guatemala || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 601<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mamasa]] || mqj || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mambae]] || mgm || East Timor || [[Austronesian]] || [[Timor]] || 197<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mambila]] || mcu, mzk || Cameroon, Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 166<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mambwe-Lungu]] || mgr || Tanzania, Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 378<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mampruli]] || maw || Ghana, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 221<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mamvu]] || mdi || DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Mangbutu-Efe]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mandar]] || mdr || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 206<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mandari]] || mqu || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 199<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mandarin]] ([[Chinese]]) || cmn || China, Taiwan, SE Asia || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 940,856<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mandeali]] || mjl || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 850<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mandinka]] || mnk || Guinea, Mali, Senegal, Gambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,483<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mangbetu]] || mdj || DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Mangbetu]] || 1,105<br />
|-<br />
| [[Manggarai]] || mqy || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 518<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mangghuer]] (Tu) || mjg || China || [[Altaic]] || [[Mongolic]] || 162<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mango]] || mge || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 161<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maninka]] || emk, mlq || Guinea, Sierra Leone, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 3,369<br />
|-<br />
| [[Manjaku]] (Mandjak) || mfv || Guinea-Bissau || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 277<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mann]] (Mano) || mev || Guinea, Liberia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[E Mande]] || 340<br />
|-<br />
| [[Manobo]] || mbb || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippines]] || 275<br />
|-<br />
| [[Manyawa]] || mny || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 154<br />
|-<br />
| [[Manyika]] || mxc || Zimbabwe, Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 741<br />
|-<br />
| [[Manza]] || mzv || Central African Rep. || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 279<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mapudungun]] || arn || Chile || [[Araucanian]] || [[Araucanian]] || 304<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maranao]] || mrw || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippines]] || 1,178<br />
|-<br />
| [[Marathi]] || mar || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 75,186<br />
|-<br />
| [[Marba]] || mpg || Chad || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Marghi]] (Margi) || mrt, mfm || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Biu-Mandara]] || 163<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mari]] (Cheremis) || mrj, mhr || Russia || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 435<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maria]] || mrr || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 268<br />
|-<br />
| [[Marka]] || rkm || Burkina Faso, Mali || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Manding-Jogo]] || 316<br />
|-<br />
| [[Marwari]] || rwr || India, Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 14,532<br />
|-<br />
| [[Masa]] (Masana) || mcn || Cameroon, Chad || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Masa]] || 335<br />
|-<br />
| [[Masaba]] || myx || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,340<br />
|-<br />
| [[Masalit]] || mls || Chad, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Maban]] || 425<br />
|-<br />
| [[Masbatenyo]] || msb || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 508<br />
|-<br />
| [[Matuumbi]] (Matumbi) || mgw || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 100<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mauka]] (Mahou) || mxx || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 227<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maxi]] || mxl || Benin, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 136<br />
|-<br />
| [[Maya]] || → Yucatec || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mayogo]] || mdm || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mazahua]] || maz, mmc || Mexico || [[Oto-Manguean]] || [[Otomian]] || 134<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mazanderani]] || mzn || Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 2,696<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mazatec(o) || maq, mau || Mexico || [[Oto-Manguean]] || [[Popolocan]] || 216<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbala]] || mdp || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 355<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbandja]] || zmz || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 635<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbay]] || myb || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 141<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbembe]] || mfn || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 195<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbere]] || mdt || Congo, Gabon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 203<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbunda]] || mck || Zambia, Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 218<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbundu]] || → Kimbundu || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mbwela]] || mfu || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 154<br />
|-<br />
| [[Medumba]] || byv || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 274<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mehri]] || gdq || Yemen || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 153<br />
|-<br />
| [[Meithei]] (Meitei) || mni || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Kuki-Chin-Naga]] || 1,516<br />
|-<br />
| [[Melpa]] || med || PNG || [[Trans-New Guinea]] || [[Main]] || 200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mende]] || men || Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,908<br />
|-<br />
| [[Meru]] || mer || Kenya || [[Niger-congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,972<br />
|-<br />
| [[Meta']] || mgo || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 126<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mewari]] || mtr || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,160<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mewati]] || wtm || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 5,480<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mikir]] || → Karbi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Milang]] || → Adi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Min Bei]] || mnp || China, Singapore || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 10,944<br />
|-<br />
| [[Min Dong]] || cdo || China, Malaysia, Thailand || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 9,602<br />
|-<br />
| [[Min Nan]] || nan || China, Taiwan || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 46,974<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mina]] || myi || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 986<br />
|-<br />
| [[Minangkabau]] || min || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 6,270<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mingrelian]] || xmf || Georgia || [[Kartvelian]] || [[Kartvelian]] || 360<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mising]] (Miri) || mrg || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Mirish]] || 449<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mískito]] || miq || Nicaragua || [[Misumalpan]] || [[Misumalpan]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mizo]] || lus || Bangladesh, India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Kuki-Chin-Naga]] || 618<br />
|-<br />
| [[Moba]] || mfq || Togo, Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 273<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mochi]] || old || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 869<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mom Jango]] || ver || Nigeria, Cameroon || [[Niger-congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 126<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mon]] || mnw || Myanmar, Thailand || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Monic]] || 1,000<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mongo]] || lol || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,008<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mongol(ian) || khk, mvf || China, Mongolia || [[Altaic]] || [[Mongolic]] || 6,596<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mongondow]] || mog || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 934<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mooré]] (Mòoré) || mos || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 7,824<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mordvin]] (Erzya) || myv || Kazakhstan, Russia || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 380<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mordvin]] (Moksha) || mdf || Russia || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 193<br />
|-<br />
| [[Moru]] || mgd || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Moru-Ma'di]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mpoto]] || mpa || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 112<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mpuono]] || zmp || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 324<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mro Chin]] || cmr || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Kuki-Chin-Naga]] || 119<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mumuye]] || mzm || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 485<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mun]] || → Kim Mun || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Muna]] || mnb || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 234<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mundang]] || mua || Chad || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 344<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mundani]] || mnf || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,093<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mundari]] || muw || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 2,045<br />
|-<br />
| [[Muong]] || mtq || Vietnam || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Viet-Muong]] || 1,215<br />
|-<br />
| [[Murle]] || mur || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Surmic]] || 102<br />
|-<br />
| [[Musey]] || mse || Chad, Cameroon || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 334<br />
|-<br />
| [[Musgu]] || mug || Cameroon, Chad || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Biu-Mandara]] || 128<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mwaghavul]] (Mupun) || sur || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 357<br />
|-<br />
| [[Mwera]] || mwe || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 656<br />
|-<br />
| [[Naba]] || mne || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 401<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nafusi]] || jbn || Libya, Tunisia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 138<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nahua(tl) || nhn, nhe, nhw, nhx, ncl, ncj, nhp, azz, nhg, ngu || Mexico || [[Uto-Aztecan]] || [[Aztecan]] || 1,464<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nama]] || naq || Namibia, South Africa, Botswana || [[Khoisan]] || [[Nama]] || 282<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nancere]] || nnc || Chad || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 123<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nande]] || nnb || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,620<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nandi]] || kln || Kenya || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 3,929<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nara]] || nrb || Eritrea || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nara]] || 107<br />
|-<br />
| [[Navajo]] || nav || USA || [[Na-Dene]] || [[Athapaskan]] || 183<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nawdm]] || nmz || Togo, Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 212<br />
|-<br />
| [[Naxi]] || nbf || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Naxi]] || 328<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndali]] || ndh || Tanzania, Malawi || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 314<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndau]] || ndc || Mozambique, Zimbabwe || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,501<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndebele]] || nbl || South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,289<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndendeule]] || dne || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndengereko]] || ndg || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 154<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndo]] || ndp || Uganda, DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Mangbutu-Efe]] || 407<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ndonga]] || ndo || Angola, Namibia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 598<br />
|-<br />
| [[Neo-Aramaic]] || cld, aij, aii, trg || Iraq, Israel, Syria, Iran || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 1,293<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nepali]] || nep || Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 17,159<br />
|-<br />
| [[Newari]] || new || Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 1,035<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngäbere]] || gym || Panama || [[Chibchan]] || [[Guaymi]] || 136<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngaju]] || nij || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Borneo]] || 831<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngambay]] || sba || Cameroon, Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 1,219<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngando]] || ngd, nxd || DR Congo, Central African Rep., Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 395<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngas]] || → Angas || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngbaka]] || nga || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 1,815<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngbaka Ma'bo]] || nbm || Central African Rep., DR Congo, Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 141<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngbandi]] || nbw, ngb || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 634<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngiemboon]] (Ngyemboon) || nnh || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 137<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngindo]] || nnq || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 307<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngiti]] || niy || DR Congo || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Lendu]] || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngombe]] || ngc || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 268<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngoni]] || ngo || Mozambique, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 395<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngulu]] || ngp || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 184<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ngwe]] || nwe || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 101<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nias]] || nia || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nilamba]] || nim || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 720<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nimadi]] || noe || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,489<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nishi]] (Nisi) || dap || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Mirish]] || 261<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nkhumbi]] || khu || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 205<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nkore-Kiga]] || → Chiga || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nobiin]] || fia || Egypt, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nubian]] || 692<br />
|-<br />
| [[Norwegian]] || nob || Norway || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 4,452<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nsenga]] || nse || Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 627<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ntcham]] || bud || Togo, Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 203<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ntomba]] || nto || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 195<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nubian]] || → Kenuzi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nuer]] || nus || Ethiopia, Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 1,362<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nung]] || nut || Vietnam || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 924<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nuni]] || nuv || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 263<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nupe]] || nup || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Nupoid]] || 1,150<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyakyusa-Ngonde]] || nyy || Tanzania, Malawi || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,443<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyambo]] || now || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 562<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyamwanga]] || mwn || Zambia, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 259<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyamwezi]] || nym || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,219<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyaneka]] || nyk || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 183<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyanga]] || nyj || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 266<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyanja]] || → Chichewa || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyankore]] || nyn || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,884<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyaturu]] (Rimi) || rim || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 778<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyemba]] || nba || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 174<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyiha]] || nih || Tanzania, Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 613<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyimang]] || → Ama || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyole]] || nuj || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 386<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyore]] || nyd || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 151<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyoro]] || nyo || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 863<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nyungwe]] || nyu || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 269<br />
|-<br />
| [[Nzema]] || nzi || Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 347<br />
|-<br />
| [[Obolo]] || ann || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Occitan]] || lnc || France || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 1,430<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ogbah]] || ogc || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 206<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ogbia]] || ogb || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Cross River]] || 243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Oirat]] || xal || China, Mongolia, Russia, Kyrgyzstan || [[Altaic]] || [[Mongolic]] || 470<br />
|-<br />
| [[Oriya]] || ori, ort || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 34,453<br />
|-<br />
| [[Oroko]] || → Bakundu || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Oromo]] || gax, hae, ssn, gaz || Ethiopia, Kenya || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[E Cushitic]] || 24,803<br />
|-<br />
| [[Osing]] || osi || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Javanese]] || 500<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ossetic]] (Osetin) || oss || Georgia, Russia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 532<br />
|-<br />
| [[Otomí]] || otz, ote, otq, otm || Mexico || [[Oto-Manguean]] || [[Otomian]] || 294<br />
|-<br />
| [[Otuho]] || lot || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 227<br />
|-<br />
| [[Palaung]] || pce, rbb || Myanmar || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Palaung-Khmuic]] || 340<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pamona]] || bcx || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 110<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pampangan]] || → Kapampangan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pana]] || pnz || Central African Rep., Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 123<br />
|-<br />
| [[Panchpargania]] || tdb || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 300<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pangasinan]] || pag || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[N Philippines]] || 1,690<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pangwa]] || pbr || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 133<br />
|-<br />
| [[Panjabi]] || pan || India, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 96,975<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pa'o Karen]] || blk || Myanmar, Thailand || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tiboto-Burman]] || 424<br />
|-<br />
| [[Papel]] || pbo || Guinea-Bissau || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Parauk]] || prk || China, Myanmar || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Palaung-Khmuic]] || 497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pare]] || → Asu || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Parsi]] || prp || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 174<br />
|-<br />
| [[Parsi-Dari]] || prd || Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 936<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pashayi]] || aee, glh, psi, psh || Afghanistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 399<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pashto]] || pst || Afghanistan, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 38,549<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pengo]] || peg || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 383<br />
|-<br />
| [[Persian]] (Farsi) || pes || Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 46,371<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pesisir]] || pec || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Lampungic]] || 415<br />
|-<br />
| [[Phende]] || pem || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 826<br />
|-<br />
| [[Phu Thai]] || pht || Thailand, Laos, Vietnam || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 557<br />
|-<br />
| [[Phuan]] || phu || Thailand, Laos || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 237<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pilipino]] || → Tagalog || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pogoro]] || poy || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 259<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pökoot]] (Pokot) || pko || Kenya, Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 419<br />
|-<br />
| [[Polish]] || pol || Poland || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 40,329<br />
|-<br />
| [[Portuguese]] || por || Brazil, Portugal, parts of Africa || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 206,303<br />
|-<br />
| [[Provençal]] || prv || France || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 142<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pubian]] || pun || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Lampungic]] || 415<br />
|-<br />
| [[Punjabi]] || → Panjabi || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Punu]] || buh || China || [[Hmong-Mien]] || [[Hmong-Mien]] || 220<br />
|-<br />
| [[Purépecha]] || tsz || Mexico || [[Tarascan]] || [[Tarascan]] || 122<br />
|-<br />
| [[Purik]] (Purki) || prx || India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 130<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pu-Xian]] || cpx || China, Malaysia || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 2,748<br />
|-<br />
| [[Pwo]] || → Karen (Pwo) || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Qafar]] || → Afar || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Q'anjob'al]] || → Kanjobal || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Qashqa'i]] || qxq || Iran || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 1,009<br />
|-<br />
| [[Q'eqchi']] || → K'ekchí || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Qiang]] || cng, qxs || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Qiangic]] || 147<br />
|-<br />
| [[Quechua]] || qxa, quy, quh, qul, qvc, quh, quz, qug, qvh, qvi, qvn || Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador || [[Quechuan]] || [[Quechuan]] || 9,042<br />
|-<br />
| [[Quiché]] || → K'iche' || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rade]] || rad || Vietnam || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 289<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rajbanshi]] || rjb || India, Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,288<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rejang]] || rej || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 1,041<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rhaeto-Romance]] (Romansch) || roh || Switzerland || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 568<br />
|-<br />
| [[Romani]] || rmn, rmo, rmy, rml, rmw || Balkans, W Europe || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,101<br />
|-<br />
| [[Romanian]] || ron || Romania, Moldova || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 24,405<br />
|-<br />
| [[Romblomanon]] || rol || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 223<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ron]] || cla || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ronga]] || rng || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 659<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rufiji]] || rui || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 280<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ruli]] || ruc || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 147<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rundi]] || run || Burundi || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 9,176<br />
|-<br />
| [[Runyankore]] || → Nyankore || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Runyoro-Rutooro]] || → Nyoro || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Russian]] || rus || Russia, Eurasia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 158,857 <br>+ 150,000 [[L2]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ruund]] || rnd || DR Congo, Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 408<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rwa]] || rwk || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 126<br />
|-<br />
| [[Rwanda]] || kin || Rwanda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 11,132<br />
|-<br />
| [[Saafi-Saafi]] || sav || Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic]] || 146<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sabaot]] || spy || Kenya || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 180<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sabu]] (Sawu) || hvn || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 115<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sadri]] || sck || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 2,385<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sadri, Oraon]] || sdr || Bangladesh || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 191<br />
|-<br />
| [[Safwa]] || sbk || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 221<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sagala]] || sbm || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 110<br />
|-<br />
| [[Saho]] || ssy || Eritrea, Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[E Cushitic]] || 247<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sakata]] || skt || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 133<br />
|-<br />
| [[Salampasu]] || slx || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sama]] || sse, sml, ssb || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sama-Bajaw]] || 304<br />
|-<br />
| [[Samba Daka]] || ccg || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 129<br />
|-<br />
| [[Samburu]] || saq || Kenya || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 176<br />
|-<br />
| [[Samo]] || sbd, sym, stj || Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[E Mande]] || 316<br />
|-<br />
| [[Samoan]] || smo || American Samoa, Samoa || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 427<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sanga]] || sng || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 767<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sangir]] || sxn || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 275<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sango]] || sag || Central African Rep. || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 589<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sangu]] || sbp || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 105<br />
|-<br />
| [[Santali]] || sat || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 6,689<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sar]] || mwm || Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Bongo-Bagirmi]] || 298<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sardinian]] || sro || Italy || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 800<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sasak]] || sas || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 2,186<br />
|-<br />
| [[Saurashtra]] || saz || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 340<br />
|-<br />
| [[Saya]] || say || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Chadic]] || 153<br />
|-<br />
| [[Seba]] || kdg || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 296<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sebat Bet Gurage]] || sgw || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 628<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sebei]] || kpz || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 202<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sedang]] || sed || Vietnam || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Bahnaric]] || 122<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sehwi]] || sfw || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 245<br />
|-<br />
| [[Selako]] || skl || Indonesia, Malaysia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Malayo-Polynesian]] || 107<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sena]] || seh || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,821<br />
|-<br />
| [[Senoufo]] || seq, sef || Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 3,350<br />
|-<br />
| [[Seraiki]] || skr || Pakistan, India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 16,497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Serbian]] (*) || srp || Serbia and Montenegro || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 10,200<br />
|-<br />
| [[Serbo-Croatian]] (*) || bos, hrv, srp || Balkans || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 19,532<br />
|-<br />
| [[Serer-Sine]] || srr || Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic]] || 1,499<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sesotho]] || → Sotho || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sgaw]] || → [[Karen]] (S'gaw) || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shambala]] || ksb || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,084<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shan]] || shn || Myanmar || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 3,427<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shekhawati]] || swv || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 3,289<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sherbro]] || bun || Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Atlantic]] || 183<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sherpa]] || xsr || Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 160<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shi]] || shr || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,300<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shilluk]] || shk || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 297<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shina]] || scl || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 527<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shona]] (Karanga) || sna || Zimbabwe || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 8,412<br />
|-<br />
| [[Shubi]] || suj || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 214<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sidamo]] || sid || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 2,685<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sika]] (Sikka) || ski || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 180<br />
|-<br />
| [[Silt'e]] || xst || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 1,181<br />
|-<br />
| [[Simeulue]] || smr || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 103<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sindhi]] || snd || India, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 24,854<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sinhala]] (Singhalese) || sin || Sri Lanka || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 17,139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sisaala]] || ssl || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 170<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sizaki]] || szk || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 114<br />
|-<br />
| [[Slovak]] || slk || Slovakia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 4,832<br />
|-<br />
| [[Slovene]] (Slovenian) || slv || Slovenia || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 2,097<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sô]] || teu || Uganda || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Kuliak]] || 189<br />
|-<br />
| [[Soddo]] || gru || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 363<br />
|-<br />
| [[Soga]] || xog || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,510<br />
|-<br />
| [[Somali]] || som || Somalia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[E Cushitic]] || 15,123<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sonde]] || shc || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 170<br />
|-<br />
| [[Songe]] || sop || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,967<br />
|-<br />
| [[Songhay]] || ddn, knb, ses, khq || Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Songhai]] || 1,096<br />
|-<br />
| [[Soninke]] || snk || Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,573<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sora]] || srb || India || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Munda]] || 315<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sotho]] (Northern) || nso || South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 3,396<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sotho]] (Southern) || sot || Lesotho, South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 6,135<br />
|-<br />
| [[Spanish]] || spa || Spain, Americas || [[Indo-European]] || [[Romance]] || 391,117<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sre]] || → Kroho || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Suba]] || suh || Kenya, Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 207<br />
|-<br />
| [[Subanen]] || laa, stb, sgb || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippine]] || 204<br />
|-<br />
| [[Subanon]] || skn, suc || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippine]] || 102<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sui]] || swi || China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 212<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sukuma]] || suk || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 4,361<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sumbawa]] || smw || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 312<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sumbwa]] || suw || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 267<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sunda(nese) || sun || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sundic]] || 35,915<br />
|-<br />
| [[Surajpuri]] || sjp || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 299<br />
|-<br />
| [[Surigaonon]] || sul || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[S Philippine]] || 482<br />
|-<br />
| [[Susu]] || sus || Guinea || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,482<br />
|-<br />
| [[Swahili]] || swh || E-C Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 5,468<br> + 30,000 [[L2]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Swati]] (Swazi) || ssw || South Africa, Swaziland || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,169<br />
|-<br />
| [[Swedish]] || swe || Finland, Sweden || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 8,522<br />
|-<br />
| [[Sylheti]] || syl || Bangladesh, India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 10,982<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tabassaran]] || tab || Russia || [[Nakh-Daghestanian]] || [[Lezgic]] || 119<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tabwa]] (Taabwa) || tap || DR Congo, Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 506<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tachawit]] || shy || Algeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 1,863<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tae']] || rob || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 260<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tagalog]] (Pilipino) || tgl || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 26,042<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tahitian]] || tah || French Polynesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 105<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tai Daeng]] || tyr || Vietnam, Laos || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 176<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tai Dam]] || blt || Vietnam, Laos || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 771<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tai Dón]] || twh || Vietnam, Laos || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 518<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tai Hongjin]] || tiz || China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 159<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tai Nüa]] || tdd || China, Myanmar, Laos || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 369<br />
|-<br />
| [[Taita]] || dav || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 285<br />
|-<br />
| [[Taiwanese]] || → Min Nan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tajik]] (Tajiki) || tgk || Tajikistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 4,812<br />
|-<br />
| [[Takwane]] || tke || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 154<br />
|-<br />
| [[Talinga-Bwisi]] || tlj || DR Congo, Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 139<br />
|-<br />
| [[Talysh]] (Talishi) || tly || Azerbaijan, Iran || [[Indo-European]] || [[Iranian]] || 323<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamajaq]] (Tamasheq) || ttq, thc, taq || Algeria, Morocco || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 1,415<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamajeq]] || tmh || Algeria, Morocco || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 378<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamang]] || taj, tge || Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 1,472<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tamil]] || tam || India, Sri Lanka || [[Dravidian]] || [[S Dravidian]] || 72,256<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tangale]] || tan || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[West Chadic]] || 158<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tarifit]] || rif || Algeria, Morocco || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 1,826<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tarok]] || yer || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Platoid]] || 375<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tashlhiyt]] (Tachelhit) || shi || Morocco, Algeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Berber]] || 4,119<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tatar]] || tat || Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 4,893<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tausug]] || tsg || Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 1,195<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tavoyan]] || tvn || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 345<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tay]] || tyz || Vietnam || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Tai]] || 1,582<br />
|-<br />
| [[Teke]] || ebo, ifm, kkw, lli, teg, tyi, tyx || Congo, Gabon, DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,417<br />
|-<br />
| [[Telugu]] || tel || India, SE Asia || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 78,332<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tem]] || kdh || Benin, Ghana, Togo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 381<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tembo]] || tbt || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 266<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tengger]] || tes || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Javanese]] || 518<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tera]] || ttr || Nigeria || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Biu-Mandara]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Teso]] || teo || Uganda, Kenya || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 1,898<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tetela]] || tll || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1476<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tetun]] || tet || East Timor || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 552<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tewe]] || twx || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 256<br />
|-<br />
| [[Thai]] || tha, tts || Thailand || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 56,539<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tharaka]] || thk || Kenya || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 142<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tharu]] || the, thg, thr || Nepal || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,555<br />
|-<br />
| [[Themne]] (Temne) || tem || Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[S Atlantic]] || 1,684<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tibetan]] || bod || China, Nepal || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 4,316<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tigré]] || tig || Eritrea || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 1,558<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tigrinya Tigrigna]] || tir || Eritrea, Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Semitic]] || 6,973<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tikar]] || tik || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 994<br />
|-<br />
| [[Timorese]] || aoz || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Central Malayo-Polynesian]] || 607<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tippera]] || tpe || Bangladesh || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 114<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tiv]] || tiv || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,610<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tlapanec]] || tpx || Mexico || [[Subtiaba-Tlapanec]] || [[Subtiaba-Tlapanec]] || 100<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tolaki]] || lbw || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 291<br />
|-<br />
| [[Toma]] || tod || Guinea || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 214<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tonga]] || tog || Malawi || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 231<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tonga]] || toh || Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 228<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tonga]] || toi || Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,218<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tongan]] || ton || Tonga || [[Austronesian]] || [[Oceanic]] || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tontemboan]] || tnt || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 155<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tooro]] || ttj || Uganda || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,319<br />
|-<br />
| [[Toposa]] || toq || Sudan || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 171<br />
|-<br />
| [[Toraja]] (Toraja-Sa'dan) || sda || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 518<br />
|-<br />
| [[Totonac]] || tlc, top, tos, too || Mexico || [[Totonacan]] || [[Totonacan]] || 242<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tshangla]] || tsj || Bhutan, India || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Bodic]] || 510<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tsikimba]] || kdl || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tsishingini]] || tsw || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 121<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tsonga]] || tso || Mozambique, South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 4,289<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tsuvadi]] || tvd || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 182<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tswa]] || tsc || Mozambique, South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Benue-Congo]] || 716<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tswana]] || tsn || SE Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 4,844<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tugen]] || tuy || Kenya || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 181<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tukang Besi]] || bhq, khc || Indonesia || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sulawesi]] || 260<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tulu]] || tcy || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S Dravidian]] || 2,136<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tumbuka]] || tum || Malawi, Zambia || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,558<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tupuri]] || tui || Cameroon, Chad || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 325<br />
|-<br />
| [[Turkana]] || tuv || Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Nilotic]] || 577<br />
|-<br />
| [[Turkish]] || tur || Turkey, Europe || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 63,229<br />
|-<br />
| [[Turkmen]] || tuk || Turkmenistan || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 15,873<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tuvan]] (Tuvinian) || tyv || Mongolia, Russia, China || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 257<br />
|-<br />
| [[Twi]] || → Akan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tyap]] || → Gworok || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tzeltal]] || tzb, tzh || Mexico || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 288<br />
|-<br />
| [[Tzotzil]] || tzc || Mexico || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 301<br />
|-<br />
| [[Uab Meto]] || → Timorese || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Udmurt]] || udm || Russia || [[Uralic]] || [[Finnic]] || 405<br />
|-<br />
| [[Ukrainian]] || ukr || Ukraine || [[Indo-European]] || [[Slavic]] || 30,175<br />
|-<br />
| [[Umbundu]] || umb || Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 3,798<br />
|-<br />
| [[Urdu]] || urd || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 67,556<br />
|-<br />
| [[Urhobo]] || urh || Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Edoid]] || 1,019<br />
|-<br />
| [[Uyghur]] || uig || China || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 8,243<br />
|-<br />
| [[Uzbek]] || uzn, uzs || Afghanistan, Uzbekistan || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 25,993<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vai]] || vai || Liberia, Sierra Leone || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 138<br />
|-<br />
| [[Varli]] || vav || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 466<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vasavi]] || vas || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 986<br />
|-<br />
| [[Venda]] || ven || South Africa, Zimbabwe || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,031<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vietnamese]] || vie || Vietnam || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Viet-Muong]] || 76,364<br />
|-<br />
| [[Vunjo]] || vun || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 419<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wa]] || wbm || Myanmar, China || [[Austro-Asiatic]] || [[Mon-Khmer]] || 780<br />
|-<br />
| [[Waci]] || wci || Togo, Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 609<br />
|-<br />
| [[Waddar]] || wbq || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[S-C Dravidian]] || 2,116<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wadiyara Koli]] || kxp || India, Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 441<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wagdi]] || wbr || India || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 1,850<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wali]] || wlx || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Gur]] || 166<br />
|-<br />
| [[Waneci]] || wne || Pakistan || [[Indo-European]] || [[Indo-Aryan]] || 100<br />
|-<br />
| [[Waray-Waray]] || war || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Meso-Philippine]] || 3,369<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wasa]] || wss || Ghana || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 303<br />
|-<br />
| [[Waxianghua]] || wxa || China || [[Isolate]] || &nbsp; || 319<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wayuu]] || → Goajiro || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wè]] (Wobe) || wob, gxx, wec || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kru]] || 475<br />
|-<br />
| [[Welsh]] || cym || UK || [[Indo-European]] || [[Celtic]] || 527<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wéménugbé]] (Weme) || wem || Benin || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Kwa]] || 118<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wojenaka]] || jod || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Manding-Jogo]] || 159<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wolaytta]] || wal || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Omotic]] || 1,762<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wolof]] || wol || Gambia, Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[N Atlantic]] || 6,105<br />
|-<br />
| [[Worodougou]] || jud || Côte d'Ivoire || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Manding-Jogo]] || 106<br />
|-<br />
| [[Wu]] (Changzhou) || wuu || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 79,928<br />
|-<br />
| [[Xamtanga]] || xan || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Cushitic]] || 204<br />
|-<br />
| [[Xasonga]] || kao || Mali, Senegal || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 169<br />
|-<br />
| [[Xhosa]] || xho || South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 7,571<br />
|-<br />
| [[Xiamen]] || → Min Nan || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Xiang]] || hsn || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Chinese]] || 38,291<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yaka]] || yaf || DR Congo, Angola || [[Niger Congo]] || [[W Mande]] || 1,402<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yakan]] || yka || Philippines || [[Austronesian]] || [[Sama-Bajaw]] || 214<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yakut]] || sah || Russia || [[Altaic]] || [[Turkic]] || 384<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yangbye]] || ybd || Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 710<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yansi]] || yns || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 177<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yao]] || yao || Malawi, Mozambique || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 2,269<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yay]] || → Bouyei || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yekhee]] || → Etsako || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yemba]] || ybb || Cameroon || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 381<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yemsa]] || jnj || Ethiopia || [[Afro-Asiatic]] || [[Omotic]] || 116<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yerukula]] || yeu || India || [[Dravidian]] || [[Tamil-Kannada]] || 328<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yi]] || ycl, yio || China || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Burmese-Lolo]] || 6,910<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yiddish]] || ydd, yih || E Europe, USA, Israel || [[Indo-European]] || [[Germanic]] || 607<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yombe]] || yom || DR Congo, Congo, Angola || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 1,222<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yoruba]] || yor || Benin, Nigeria || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Defoid]] || 25,691<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yucatec]] (Maya) || yua || Mexico || [[Mayan]] || [[Mayan]] || 808<br />
|-<br />
| [[Yue]] || → Cantonese || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zaghawa]] || zag || Sudan, Chad || [[Nilo-Saharan]] || [[Saharan]] || 341<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zaiwa]] || atb || China, Myanmar || [[Sino-Tibetan]] || [[Tibeto-Burman]] || 111<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zande]] || zne || Central African Rep., DR Congo, Sudan || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Adamawa-Ubangian]] || 2,538<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zapotec]] || zai, zpd, zaa, zaw, zpm, zpi, zab, zpz, zav, zpq || Mexico || [[Oto-Manguean]] || [[Zapotecan]] || 457<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zarma]] || → Dyerma || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zazaki]] || → Dimli || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp; || &nbsp;<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zhuang]] || ccx || China || [[Tai-Kadai]] || [[Kam-Tai]] || 15,947<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zigula]] || ziw || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 497<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zimba]] || zmb || DR Congo || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 213<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zinza]] || zin || Tanzania || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 193<br />
|-<br />
| [[Zulu]] || zul || South Africa || [[Niger-Congo]] || [[Bantoid]] || 10,335<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
(*) Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian are treated as one language (''Serbo-Croatian'') in most statistics outside the former Yugoslav republics.<br />
<br />
{{ref}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:LANG]][[Category:en]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Auslautverh%C3%A4rtung&diff=17782Auslautverhärtung2021-03-13T04:47:55Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
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<div>== Auslautverhärtung ==<br />
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Synonym: Endrand-Desonorisierung<br />
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=== Definition: ===<br />
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Auslautverhärtung bezeichnet einen lautlichen Prozess, nach dem Obstruenten, d.h. Frikative, Plosive und Affrikaten, in der Koda (auch Silbenendrand oder Endrand) stimmlos realisiert werden. Die Auslautverhärtung ist kein allgemeines Merkmal phonologischer Systeme. Sie tritt nur in einigen Sprachen bzw. Varietäten auf. Bspw. kommt sie im Niederländischen, Türkischen und im Deutschen vor, jedoch nicht im Spanischen oder Englischen. Auch in einigen südlichen Varietäten des deutschen kommt sie nicht vor.<br />
<br />
Im Onset (Silbenanfang) der Silbe herrscht ein phonologischer Kontrast zwischen stimmhaften und stimmlosen Obstruenten, d.h. Frikativen, Plosiven und Affrikaten, vor, welche die gleiche Artikulationsart und den gleichen Artikulationsort haben, z.B. [g] vs [k], siehe Bsp. (1) – (5).<br />
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(1) [b] – [p] in <backen> vs. <packen>: [ˈbak.ən] – [ˈpak.ən]<br />
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(2) [d] – [t] in <danken> vs. <tanken>: [ˈdaŋ.kən] – [ˈtaŋ.kən]<br />
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(3) [ɡ] – [k] in <Garten> vs. <Karten>: [ˈɡaʁ.tən] – [ˈkaʁ.tən]<br />
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(4) [v] – [f] in <was> vs. <Fass>: [ˈvas] – [ˈfas]<br />
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(5) [z] – [s] in <heiser> vs. <heißer>: [h͡aɪ.zɐ] – [h͡aɪ.sɐ]<br />
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In der Koda der Silbe wird dieser Kontrast dagegen neutralisiert (→ [[Neutralisierung]]), sodass stimmhafte Obstruenten stimmlos realisiert werden, sie werden also auslautverhärtet (vgl. Hall 2011: 97; Trubetzkoy 1939), siehe Bsp. a in (6) – (10).<br />
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Phonologische Regel nach Hall (2011)<br />
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Auslautverhärtung: /b d ɡ v z ʒ/ → [p t k f s ʃ] / ____ #<br />
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(6) a. Tag [ˈtaːk] *['taːɡ] b. Tages [ˈtaː.ɡəs]<br />
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(7) a. Lob [ˈloːp] *['loːb] b. Lobes [ˈloː.bəs]<br />
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(8) a. Rad [ˈʁaːt] *['ʁaːd] b. Rades [ˈʁaː.dəs]<br />
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(9) a. kursiv [ˌkʊʁ.ˈziːf] *[ˌkʊʁ.ˈziːv] b. kursive [ˌkʊʁ.ˈziː.və]<br />
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(10) a. Gas [ˈɡaːs] *['ɡaːz] b. Gases [ˈɡaː.zəs] <br />
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Für Neutralisierungsprozesse ist der phonetisch-phonologische Kontext wichtig. Die Auslautverhärtung erfolgt nur, wenn sich das betroffene Segment (z.B. /g/ in 6a) in der Koda befindet. Wenn sich bspw. durch Flexion die Silbifizierung des Wortes ändert, und sich der betroffene Obstruent im Onset befindet, sie Bsp. b in (6) – (10), erfolgt keine Auslautverhärtung da die Bedingung nicht erfüllt ist.<br />
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Da die betroffenen Segmente regelhaft nur in der Koda stimmlos realisiert werden, in anderen Positionen aber stimmhaft bleiben und bedeutungsunterscheidend sind (vgl. 11a vs 12a ), kann man von einer zugrundeliegenden phonologischen Form mit stimmhaftem Obstruenten ausgehen (vgl. 11a & 12a vs. 11B & 12b), die dann durch die phonetische Regel der Auslautverhärtung angepasst wird (vgl. Wiese, 2011: 102–103; Hall, 2011: 54).<br />
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(11)<br />
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a. [bʊnt]<sub>NOM</sub>, ⟨Bund⟩ <br />
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b. [bʊnt] ⟨bunt⟩ <br />
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(12)<br />
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a. [bʊn.dəs]<sub>GEN</sub> daher /bʊnd/ <br />
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b. [bʊn.təs] daher /bʊnt/<br />
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Im Deutschen wird durch die Auslautverhärtung bspw. die Abgrenzung zu zweisilbigen Worten bzw. Wortformen gestärkt (Eisenberg 2006: 127). Auslautverhärtung wird im Deutschen nicht verschriftet, um eine stärkere Graphem-Phonem-Korrespondenz zu gewährleisten (Fuhrhop und Peters 2016: 243 und Eisenberg 2017: 59) ,siehe Bsp. (12).<br />
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(13) [bʊnt] aber: /bʊnd/ daher: <Bund><br />
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=== Schwierigkeiten der Definition ===<br />
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Eisenberg (2006: 127) weist daraufhin, dass in manchen Varietäten des Deutschen das Wort ⟨Sieg⟩ nicht [ziːk] sondern [ziːç] ausgesprochen wird. Dies erklärt er damit, dass vor der Auslautverhärtung eine g-Spirantisierung von [ɡ] zu [ʝ] stattfindet und erst im zweiten Schritt eine Auslautverhärtung von [ʝ] zu [ç] (Bsp (14)).<br />
<br />
(14)<br />
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a. Variation von ⟨Sieg⟩: [ziːk] oder [ziːç] <br />
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b. /ziːɡ/ → [ziːʝ] →[ziːç]<br />
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Inwiefern [dʒ] und [ʒ], z.B. in orange vs Orange (Farbe vs. Obst), zum deutschen Konsonanteninventar gehören und wie sie sich in Bezug zur Auslautverhärtung verhalten ist Gegenstand einer Diskussion (siehe dazu Brockhaus, 2012: 9 – 11)<br />
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Zur Diskussion darüber, ob im Deutschen wirklich eine vollständige Auslautverhärtung vorliegt sieh exemplarisch Kahlen-Halstenbach (1990) und Mihm (2007)<br />
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=== Literatur ===<br />
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Eisenberg, Peter. 2006. Grundriss Der Deutschen Grammatik Band 1: Das Wort. 3., Durchgesehene Auflage. Stuttgart,<br />
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Eisenberg, Peter. 2017. Deutsche Orthografie. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter, <br />
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Fuhrhop, Nanna. 2009. Orthografie. Edited by Jörg Meibauer and Markus Steinbach. Vol. 1 Kurze Einführungen in die germanistische Linguistik. Heidelberg: Winter.<br />
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Wiese, Richard. 2011. Phonetik und Phonologie. Paderborn.<br />
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Brockhaus, Wiebke. 2012. Final Devoicing in the Phonology of German. Reprint 2012 ed. Linguistische Arbeiten ; 336. Tübingen<br />
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Fuhrhop, Nanna, and Peters, Jörg. 2016. Einführung in Die Phonologie Und Graphematik. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler.<br />
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Pompino-Marschall, Bernd. 1995. Einführung in die Phonetik. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.<br />
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Hall, Tracy Alan. 2011. Phonologie: Eine Einführung. de Gruyter Studienbuch. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, <br />
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Trubetzkoy, Nikolai Sergejewitsch. 1989. Grundzüge der Phonologie. 7. ed. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 1939.<br />
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Kahlen-Halstenbach, Birthe. 1990. "Zur Psychologischen Realität Der Auslautverhärtung Im Deutschen." Sprachtypologie Und Universalienforschung : STUF 43, no. 1: 645-55. <br />
<br />
Mihm, Arend. 2007. "Theorien Der Auslautverhärtung Im Spannungsverhältnis Zwischen Normsetzung Und Sprachwirklichkeit." Deutsche Sprache 35, no. 2: 95. 2007</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Uerdinger_Linie&diff=17776Uerdinger Linie2021-03-08T11:43:46Z<p>Wohlgemuth: gah!</p>
<hr />
<div>==Definition==<br />
Die '''Uerdinger Linie''' bezeichnet die ''ik-ich''-Isoglosse. Die Bezeichnung wurde durch [[Georg Wenker]] (1915) eingeführt, der als erster die Verwendung der rheinischen Dialekte genau vermessen hat.<br />
<br />
==Verlauf==<br />
Die Linie kreuzt den Rhein bei Uerdingen, daher der Name. Nach Westen trifft sie bei Venlo auf die niederländische Grenze und verläuft nach Westen bis Panningen weiter. Hier verzweigt sich die Linie zu einem Linienbündel, das östlich von Löwen an der romanisch-germanische Sprachgrenze endet. Nach Osten verläuft die Linie südlich von Wuppertal und trifft bei Remscheidt auf die [[Benrather Linie]]. Nördlich der Line sagt man ''ik'' und südlich ''ich'', letzteres gemäß der zweiten Lautverschiebung.<br />
<br />
==Geschichte==<br />
Laut Frings (1956) entsteht die Ürdinger Linie Ende des 13. Jahrhunderts als Seitenspross der Benrather Linie, indem vom Süden aus mittelfränkische Wortformen ins Niederfränkische eindringen.<br />
<br />
==Literatur==<br />
*Frings, Theodor. 1956. Sprache und Geschichte, Bd. I. In Mitteldeutsche Studien. Halle: Max Niemeyer Verlag. Orig. Die Rheinische Sprachgeschichte. In Die Geschichte des Rheinlandes von der ältesten Zeit bis zur Gegenwart. 1922.<br />
*Wenker, Georg. 1915. Das Rheinische Platt. Marburg: Elwert. Orig. Das Rheinische Platt: Den Lehrern des Rheinlandes gewidmet. Marburg: Selbstverlag. 1877.<br />
<br />
[[Category:De]]<br />
[[Category:Single language]]<br />
[[Category:Germanic]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Uerdinger_Linie&diff=17775Uerdinger Linie2021-03-08T11:43:28Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Definition==<br />
Die '''Uerdinger Linie''' bezeichnet die ''ik-ich''-Isoglosse. Die Bezeichnung wurde durch [[Georg Wenker]] (1915) eingeführt, der als erster die Verwendung der rheinischen Dialekte genau vermessen hat.<br />
<br />
==Verlauf==<br />
Die Linie kreuzt den Rhein bei ÜUerdingen, daher der Name. Nach Westen trifft sie bei Venlo auf die niederländische Grenze und verläuft nach Westen bis Panningen weiter. Hier verzweigt sich die Linie zu einem Linienbündel, das östlich von Löwen an der romanisch-germanische Sprachgrenze endet. Nach Osten verläuft die Linie südlich von Wuppertal und trifft bei Remscheidt auf die [[Benrather Linie]]. Nördlich der Line sagt man ''ik'' und südlich ''ich'', letzteres gemäß der zweiten Lautverschiebung.<br />
<br />
==Geschichte==<br />
Laut Frings (1956) entsteht die Ürdinger Linie Ende des 13. Jahrhunderts als Seitenspross der Benrather Linie, indem vom Süden aus mittelfränkische Wortformen ins Niederfränkische eindringen.<br />
<br />
==Literatur==<br />
*Frings, Theodor. 1956. Sprache und Geschichte, Bd. I. In Mitteldeutsche Studien. Halle: Max Niemeyer Verlag. Orig. Die Rheinische Sprachgeschichte. In Die Geschichte des Rheinlandes von der ältesten Zeit bis zur Gegenwart. 1922.<br />
*Wenker, Georg. 1915. Das Rheinische Platt. Marburg: Elwert. Orig. Das Rheinische Platt: Den Lehrern des Rheinlandes gewidmet. Marburg: Selbstverlag. 1877.<br />
<br />
[[Category:De]]<br />
[[Category:Single language]]<br />
[[Category:Germanic]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Uerdinger_Linie&diff=17773Uerdinger Linie2021-03-08T11:42:04Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Wohlgemuth moved page Ürdinger Linie to Uerdinger Linie: lemmafehler</p>
<hr />
<div>==Definition==<br />
Die [[Ürdinger Linie]] bezeichnet die ik-ich-Isoglosse. Die Bezeichnung wurde durch Wenker (1915) eingeführt, der als erster die Verwendung der rheinischen Dialekte genau vermessen hat.<br />
<br />
==Verlauf==<br />
Die Linie kreuzt den Rhein bei Ürdingen, daher der Name. Nach Westen trifft sie bei Venlo auf die niederländische Grenze und verläuft nach Westen bis Panningen weiter. Hier verzweigt sich die Linie zu einem Linienbündel, das östlich von Löwen an der romanisch-germanische Sprachgrenze endet. Nach Osten verläuft die Linie südlich von Wuppertal und trifft bei Remscheidt auf die [[Benrather Linie]]. Nördlich der Line sagt man ''ik'' und südlich ''ich'', letzteres gemäß der zweiten Lautverschiebung.<br />
<br />
==Geschichte==<br />
Laut Frings (1956) entsteht die Ürdinger Linie Ende des 13. Jahrhunderts als Seitenspross der Benrather Linie, indem vom Süden aus mittelfränkische Wortformen ins Niederfränkische eindringen.<br />
<br />
==Literatur==<br />
*Frings, Theodor. 1956. Sprache und Geschichte, Bd. I. In Mitteldeutsche Studien. Halle: Max Niemeyer Verlag. Orig. Die Rheinische Sprachgeschichte. In Die Geschichte des Rheinlandes von der ältesten Zeit bis zur Gegenwart. 1922.<br />
*Wenker, Georg. 1915. Das Rheinische Platt. Marburg: Elwert. Orig. Das Rheinische Platt: Den Lehrern des Rheinlandes gewidmet. Marburg: Selbstverlag. 1877.<br />
<br />
[[Category:De]]<br />
[[Category:Single language]]<br />
[[Category:Germanic]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=%C3%9Crdinger_Linie&diff=17774Ürdinger Linie2021-03-08T11:42:04Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Wohlgemuth moved page Ürdinger Linie to Uerdinger Linie: lemmafehler</p>
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<div>#REDIRECT [[Uerdinger Linie]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:JulianeHerbst&diff=17721User talk:JulianeHerbst2021-02-21T14:44:20Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Wohlgemuth moved page User:JulianeHerbst to User talk:JulianeHerbst without leaving a redirect</p>
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[[Category:Glottopedia]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=17702Main Page2021-02-17T03:16:10Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3"><br />
'''Welcome to [[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]], the free encyclopedia of linguistics.'''<br />
</p><br />
<div {{Greenbox2}}>'''Glottopedia has been updated.'''<br />
;Update information (17th September 2020)<br />
:The update to the newest version of Mediawiki has been completed.<br />
:During the process 168 users without an ID in the database have been deleted, this should not cause any problems since users without IDs are not activated accounts and as such can not edit the wiki. If you experience problems with your user account please contact <tt>glottopedia[at]uni-trier.de</tt>.<br />
:It appears that no data was lost during transfer, except for one page that has been recovered. <strike>The [http://glottoneu.uni-trier.de old version of Glottopedia] will still be available for an indeterminate amount of time, but it will not be editable any longer.</strike> If you find any pages that are missing in this updated version please contact <tt>glottopedia[at]uni-trier.de</tt>.<br />
:Some minor tweaks are still necessary and will be completed shortly.<br />
:''We ask you to keep a copy of your edits/created pages until we are sure this new version of Mediawiki runs smoothly.''<br />
<br />
;Update information (2nd November 2020)<br />
:The website for the old version of Glottopedia is not available anymore.<br />
</div><br />
<p style="margin:0.1em 0 0.1em;text-align:center;font-size:95%">[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Introduction]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Frequently asked questions|Frequently asked questions]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Contact|Contact]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Special:Allpages|All articles A&ndash;Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;Number of articles: [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Glottopedia in German]]<br />
</p><br />
<p style="text-align: center; margin:0 0 0.5em 0; line-height: 1.6;" class="plainlinks"><br />
[[Portal:Semantics|Semantics]] | [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology|Phonetics and phonology]] | [[Portal:Morphology|Morphology]] | [[Portal:Syntax|Syntax]] | [[Portal:Psycholinguistics|Psycholinguistics]] | [[Portal:List of portals|Other thematic areas]] | [[Portal:Biography|Biography]] | [[Portal:Linguistic research|Linguistic research]] | [[Portal:Linguists|Linguists]] <br />
</p><br />
<br />
{|<br />
|- valign="top"<br />
|colspan="2" class="toc" style="font-size:100%;"|<br />
<br />
[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]] is a freely editable encyclopedia for linguists by linguists that is currently being built up. It will contain [[Glottopedia:Dictionary articles|dictionary articles]] on all technical terms of linguistics and is [[Glottopedia:Multilingual|multilingual]]. In addition, there are [[Glottopedia:Survey articles|survey articles]], [[Glottopedia:Biographical articles|biographical articles]] and [[Glottopedia:Language articles|language articles]], potentially on all linguists and all languages.<br />
<br />
Glottopedia articles also exist in [[Glottopedia:Über Glottopedia|German]], [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Spanish]], [[Glottopedia:Benvenuto|Italian]], [[Glottopedia:Accueil des nouveaux arrivants|French]], [[Glottopedia:про Глоттопедию|Russian]], [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Danish]], Swedish, [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|Chinese]], Japanese, [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Norwegian (Nynorsk)]], and in the future hopefully also in many other languages.<br />
----<br />
'''Glottopedia needs your [[Glottopedia:How to contribute|contribution]]'''!<br />
----<br />
=Glottopedia Team=<br />
===Editors===<br />
''Editors-in-Chief'': [[User:NaumSven|Dr. Sven Naumann]], [[User:Wohlgemuth|Dr. Jan Wohlgemuth]]<br />
<br />
''Technical Editor'': [[User:Rostin|Tim Rostin]]<br />
<br />
===Scientific Advisory Council===<br />
[[Gabriel Altmann]], [[Pier Marco Bertinetto]], [[Greville G. Corbett]], [[Östen Dahl]], [[Martin Haase]], [[Martin Haspelmath]], [[Reinhard Köhler]], [[John McWhorter]], [[Eva Schoenke]], [[Jürgen Wedekind]]<br />
<br />
=Sample dictionary articles=<br />
<br />
===Syntax=== <br />
(see also [[Portal:Syntax]])<br />
<br />
[[adjective]], [[alliterative agreement]], [[applicative]], [[apposition]], [[argument structure]], [[attribute]], [[case]], [[complement]], [[contact clause]], [[coordinand]], [[core argument]], [[c-structure]], [[dative transformation]], [[dependency grammar]], [[ellipsis]], [[ergativity]], [[free state]], [[full verb]], [[gapping]], [[infinitive]], [[internal argument]], [[lexical category]], [[negative concord]], [[nonconfigurationality]], [[noun]], [[part of speech]], [[phrase structure grammar]], [[pied piping]], [[prepositional phrase]], [[pro]], [[PRO]], [[promotion]], [[rich agreement]], [[semantic macrorole]], [[subject]], [[subordinator]], [[subcomparative construction]], [[syntactic function]], [[X-bar theory]], [[Θ-role]]<br />
<br />
===Morphology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Morphology]])<br />
<br />
[[accusative case]], [[adfix]], [[affix]], [[allocutive]], [[base]], [[category-system]], [[deadjectival]], [[derivation]], [[dimension]], [[Distributed Morphology]], [[expletive infixation]], [[fission]], [[flag]], [[impoverishment]], [[infinitive]], [[inflection]], [[lexeme]], [[macroparadigm]], [[morpheme]], [[morphophonemics]], [[morphosyntactic category]], [[oblique case]], [[plurale tantum]], [[prefix]], [[reduplicant]], [[simplex]], [[supine]], [[suspended affixation]], [[syncretism]]<br />
<br />
===Phonetics and Phonology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology]])<br />
<br />
[[affricate]], [[apocope]], [[apicodental]], [[appendix (in syllable structure)]], [[approximant]], [[breathy voice]], [[coda]], [[compensatory lengthening]], [[Contrastive Specification Theory]], [[dactyl]], [[declarative phonology]], [[degenerate foot]], [[dependency phonology]], [[extrametricality]], [[fricative]], [[labiodental]], [[laryngeal]], [[lateral]], [[liquid]], [[manner of articulation]], [[Maximal Onset Principle]], [[metrical phonology]], [[minimal word constraint]], [[nasal]], [[natural class]], [[pitch accent (lexical)]], [[prependix]], [[stop]], [[stress]], [[stress-timed and syllable-timed]], [[uvular]], [[velar]], [[velarization]], [[vowel]]<br />
<br />
===Semantics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Semantics]])<br />
<br />
[[agent]], [[ambiguity]], [[antonym]], [[aspect]], [[commissive]], [[collective noun]], [[connotation]], [[de dicto and de re]], [[denotation]], [[directive]], [[echo question]], [[face]], [[hedge]], [[holonym]], [[hyperonym]], [[hyponym]], [[idiom]], [[illocution]], [[implicature]], [[indirect speech act]], [[internally caused situation]], [[meaning]], [[modality]], [[Natural Semantic Metalanguage]], [[performative verb]], [[perlocutionary act]], [[proposition]], [[protasis]], [[semantic marker]], [[semantic role]], [[sense]], [[specificity]], [[speech act]], [[thetic vs. categorical]], [[vagueness]]<br />
<br />
===Diachrony===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Diachrony]])<br />
<br />
[[antigrammaticalization]], [[borrowing]], [[genus]], [[haplology]], [[hyperanalysis]], [[innovation]], [[language family]], [[loanword]], [[normal transmission]], [[propagation]], [[push chain]], [[reanalysis]], [[sound law]], [[syntacticization]], [[xenism]]<br />
<br />
===Computational Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Computational Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[Brill-Tagger]], [[feature logic]], [[finite-state automata]], [[Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar|GPSG]], [[HPSG]], [[Lexical-Functional Grammar|LFG]], [[ID/LP rules]], [[KWIC concordance]], [[parser]], [[shallow parsing]], [[subsumption]], [[tagger]], [[Two-level morphology]], [[unification]], [[unification-based grammars]], [[machine translation]], [[chunking]]<br />
<br />
===Quantitative Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Quantitative Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[aims and methods of quantitative linguistics]], [[history of quantitative linguistics ]],<br />
[[property]], [[unit]], [[entropy]], [[frequency]], [[function]], [[law]], [[graph theory]], [[hypothesis]],<br />
[[index]], [[information]], [[information theory]], [[numeric classification]], [[length]], [[measure]],<br />
[[metrics]], [[model (building)]], [[economy]], [[process]], [[scale]], [[language law]], [[statistics]],<br />
[[structure]], [[synergetic linguistics]], [[system]], [[system requirement]], [[text]], [[text statistics]], <br />
[[theory]], [[distribution]], [[repetition]], [[properties of the word]], [[interrelation]], [[polysemy]], [[polytextuality]], [[neighbours]], [[Ngram frequency]]<br />
<br />
=Sample biographical articles=<br />
(see also: [[Portal:Biography]])<br />
<br />
[[Karl Ferdinand Becker]], [[Johannes Benzing]], [[Simon C. Dik]], [[Dionysius Thrax]], [[Stefan Elders]], [[H. Allan Gleason Jr.]], [[Einar Haugen]], [[Marco Haverkort]], [[Karl Erich Heidolph]], [[Boris Isaakovič Jarcho]], [[Georg Friedrich Meier]], [[Harry L. Shorto]],· [[John Sinclair]], [[Sergej A. Starostin]], [[Jost Winteler]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]<br />
<br />
=Other Languages=<br />
* Chinese [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|欢迎,新来者]]<br />
* Danish [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Velkommen]]<br />
* German [[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Hauptseite]]<br />
* Norwegian (Nynorsk) [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Velkomen]]<br />
* Spanish [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Bienvenidos]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=17666Main Page2020-12-12T14:14:11Z<p>Wohlgemuth: kosmetisches</p>
<hr />
<div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3"><br />
'''Welcome to [[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]], the free encyclopedia of linguistics.'''<br />
</p><br />
<div {{Greenbox2}}>'''Update information (2nd November 2020):''' The website for the old version of Glottopedia is not available anymore.'''<br />
</div></p><br />
<div {{Greenbox2}}>'''Update information (17th September 2020):''' The update to the newest version of Mediawiki has been completed. <br />
<br/>During the process 168 users without an ID in the database have been deleted, this should not cause any problems since users without IDs aren't activated accounts and as such can't edit the wiki. If you experience problems with your user account please contact glottopedia[at]uni-trier.de.<br />
<br/>It appears that no data was lost during transfer, except for one page that has been recovered. The [http://glottoneu.uni-trier.de old version of Glottopedia] will still be available for an indeterminate amount of time, but it will not be editable any longer. If you find any pages that are missing in this updated version please contact glottopedia[at]uni-trier.de.<br />
<br/>Some minor tweaks are still necessary and will be completed shortly.<br />
<br/>'''We ask you to keep a copy of your edits/created pages until we are sure this new version of Mediawiki runs smoothly.'''<br />
</div><br />
<p style="margin:0.1em 0 0.1em;text-align:center;font-size:95%">[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Introduction]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Frequently asked questions|Frequently asked questions]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Contact|Contact]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Special:Allpages|All articles A&ndash;Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;Number of articles: [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Glottopedia in German]]<br />
</p><br />
<p style="text-align: center; margin:0 0 0.5em 0; line-height: 1.6;" class="plainlinks"><br />
[[Portal:Semantics|Semantics]] | [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology|Phonetics and phonology]] | [[Portal:Morphology|Morphology]] | [[Portal:Syntax|Syntax]] | [[Portal:Psycholinguistics|Psycholinguistics]] | [[Portal:List of portals|Other thematic areas]] | [[Portal:Biography|Biography]] | [[Portal:Linguistic research|Linguistic research]] | [[Portal:Linguists|Linguists]] <br />
</p><br />
<br />
{|<br />
|- valign="top"<br />
|colspan="2" class="toc" style="font-size:100%;"|<br />
<br />
[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]] is a freely editable encyclopedia for linguists by linguists that is currently being built up. It will contain [[Glottopedia:Dictionary articles|dictionary articles]] on all technical terms of linguistics and is [[Glottopedia:Multilingual|multilingual]]. In addition, there are [[Glottopedia:Survey articles|survey articles]], [[Glottopedia:Biographical articles|biographical articles]] and [[Glottopedia:Language articles|language articles]], potentially on all linguists and all languages.<br />
<br />
Glottopedia articles also exist in [[Glottopedia:Über Glottopedia|German]], [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Spanish]], [[Glottopedia:Benvenuto|Italian]], [[Glottopedia:Accueil des nouveaux arrivants|French]], [[Glottopedia:про Глоттопедию|Russian]], [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Danish]], Swedish, [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|Chinese]], Japanese, [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Norwegian (Nynorsk)]], and in the future hopefully also in many other languages.<br />
----<br />
'''Glottopedia needs your [[Glottopedia:How to contribute|contribution]]'''!<br />
----<br />
=Glottopedia Team=<br />
===Editors===<br />
''Editors-in-Chief'': [[User:NaumSven|Dr. Sven Naumann]], [[User:Wohlgemuth|Dr. Jan Wohlgemuth]]<br />
<br />
''Technical Editor'': [[User:Rostin|Tim Rostin]]<br />
<br />
===Scientific Advisory Council===<br />
[[Gabriel Altmann]], [[Pier Marco Bertinetto]], [[Greville G. Corbett]], [[Östen Dahl]], [[Martin Haase]], [[Martin Haspelmath]], [[Reinhard Köhler]], [[John McWhorter]], [[Eva Schoenke]], [[Jürgen Wedekind]]<br />
<br />
=Sample dictionary articles=<br />
<br />
===Syntax=== <br />
(see also [[Portal:Syntax]])<br />
<br />
[[adjective]], [[alliterative agreement]], [[applicative]], [[apposition]], [[argument structure]], [[attribute]], [[case]], [[complement]], [[contact clause]], [[coordinand]], [[core argument]], [[c-structure]], [[dative transformation]], [[dependency grammar]], [[ellipsis]], [[ergativity]], [[free state]], [[full verb]], [[gapping]], [[infinitive]], [[internal argument]], [[lexical category]], [[negative concord]], [[nonconfigurationality]], [[noun]], [[part of speech]], [[phrase structure grammar]], [[pied piping]], [[prepositional phrase]], [[pro]], [[PRO]], [[promotion]], [[rich agreement]], [[semantic macrorole]], [[subject]], [[subordinator]], [[subcomparative construction]], [[syntactic function]], [[X-bar theory]], [[Θ-role]]<br />
<br />
===Morphology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Morphology]])<br />
<br />
[[accusative case]], [[adfix]], [[affix]], [[allocutive]], [[base]], [[category-system]], [[deadjectival]], [[derivation]], [[dimension]], [[Distributed Morphology]], [[expletive infixation]], [[fission]], [[flag]], [[impoverishment]], [[infinitive]], [[inflection]], [[lexeme]], [[macroparadigm]], [[morpheme]], [[morphophonemics]], [[morphosyntactic category]], [[oblique case]], [[plurale tantum]], [[prefix]], [[reduplicant]], [[simplex]], [[supine]], [[suspended affixation]], [[syncretism]]<br />
<br />
===Phonetics and Phonology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology]])<br />
<br />
[[affricate]], [[apocope]], [[apicodental]], [[appendix (in syllable structure)]], [[approximant]], [[breathy voice]], [[coda]], [[compensatory lengthening]], [[Contrastive Specification Theory]], [[dactyl]], [[declarative phonology]], [[degenerate foot]], [[dependency phonology]], [[extrametricality]], [[fricative]], [[labiodental]], [[laryngeal]], [[lateral]], [[liquid]], [[manner of articulation]], [[Maximal Onset Principle]], [[metrical phonology]], [[minimal word constraint]], [[nasal]], [[natural class]], [[pitch accent (lexical)]], [[prependix]], [[stop]], [[stress]], [[stress-timed and syllable-timed]], [[uvular]], [[velar]], [[velarization]], [[vowel]]<br />
<br />
===Semantics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Semantics]])<br />
<br />
[[agent]], [[ambiguity]], [[antonym]], [[aspect]], [[commissive]], [[collective noun]], [[connotation]], [[de dicto and de re]], [[denotation]], [[directive]], [[echo question]], [[face]], [[hedge]], [[holonym]], [[hyperonym]], [[hyponym]], [[idiom]], [[illocution]], [[implicature]], [[indirect speech act]], [[internally caused situation]], [[meaning]], [[modality]], [[Natural Semantic Metalanguage]], [[performative verb]], [[perlocutionary act]], [[proposition]], [[protasis]], [[semantic marker]], [[semantic role]], [[sense]], [[specificity]], [[speech act]], [[thetic vs. categorical]], [[vagueness]]<br />
<br />
===Diachrony===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Diachrony]])<br />
<br />
[[antigrammaticalization]], [[borrowing]], [[genus]], [[haplology]], [[hyperanalysis]], [[innovation]], [[language family]], [[loanword]], [[normal transmission]], [[propagation]], [[push chain]], [[reanalysis]], [[sound law]], [[syntacticization]], [[xenism]]<br />
<br />
===Computational Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Computational Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[Brill-Tagger]], [[feature logic]], [[finite-state automata]], [[Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar|GPSG]], [[HPSG]], [[Lexical-Functional Grammar|LFG]], [[ID/LP rules]], [[KWIC concordance]], [[parser]], [[shallow parsing]], [[subsumption]], [[tagger]], [[Two-level morphology]], [[unification]], [[unification-based grammars]], [[machine translation]], [[chunking]]<br />
<br />
===Quantitative Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Quantitative Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[aims and methods of quantitative linguistics]], [[history of quantitative linguistics ]],<br />
[[property]], [[unit]], [[entropy]], [[frequency]], [[function]], [[law]], [[graph theory]], [[hypothesis]],<br />
[[index]], [[information]], [[information theory]], [[numeric classification]], [[length]], [[measure]],<br />
[[metrics]], [[model (building)]], [[economy]], [[process]], [[scale]], [[language law]], [[statistics]],<br />
[[structure]], [[synergetic linguistics]], [[system]], [[system requirement]], [[text]], [[text statistics]], <br />
[[theory]], [[distribution]], [[repetition]], [[properties of the word]], [[interrelation]], [[polysemy]], [[polytextuality]], [[neighbours]], [[Ngram frequency]]<br />
<br />
=Sample biographical articles=<br />
(see also: [[Portal:Biography]])<br />
<br />
[[Karl Ferdinand Becker]], [[Johannes Benzing]], [[Simon C. Dik]], [[Dionysius Thrax]], [[Stefan Elders]], [[H. Allan Gleason Jr.]], [[Einar Haugen]], [[Marco Haverkort]], [[Karl Erich Heidolph]], [[Boris Isaakovič Jarcho]], [[Georg Friedrich Meier]], [[Harry L. Shorto]],· [[John Sinclair]], [[Sergej A. Starostin]], [[Jost Winteler]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]<br />
<br />
=Other Languages=<br />
* Chinese [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|欢迎,新来者]]<br />
* Danish [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Velkommen]]<br />
* German [[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Hauptseite]]<br />
* Norwegian (Nynorsk) [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Velkomen]]<br />
* Spanish [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Bienvenidos]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Fabianbross&diff=17665User talk:Fabianbross2020-11-03T01:46:54Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Fabianbross ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Fabianbross/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 01:46, 3 November 2020 (UTC)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=17659Main Page2020-09-25T03:32:52Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div><p style="margin: 0.5em 0 0 0; text-align: center; font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3"><br />
'''Welcome to [[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]], the free encyclopedia of linguistics.'''<br />
</p><br />
<div {{Greenbox2}}>'''Update information (17th September 2020):''' The update to the newest version of Mediawiki has been completed. <br />
<br/>During the process 168 users without an ID in the database have been deleted, this should not cause any problems since users without IDs aren't activated accounts and as such can't edit the wiki. If you experience problems with your user account please contact glottopedia[at]uni-trier.de.<br />
<br/>It appears that no data was lost during transfer, except for one page that has been recovered. The old version of Glottopedia will still be available for an indeterminate amount of time, but it will not be editable any longer. If you find any pages that are missing in this updated version please contact glottopedia[at]uni-trier.de. (URL will be available here once we know what it is)<br />
<br/>Some minor tweaks are still necessary and will be completed shortly.<br />
<br/>'''We ask you to keep a copy of your edits/created pages until we are sure this new version of Mediawiki runs smoothly.'''<br />
</div><br />
<p style="margin:0.1em 0 0.1em;text-align:center;font-size:95%">[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Introduction]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Frequently asked questions|Frequently asked questions]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Contact|Contact]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Special:Allpages|All articles A&ndash;Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;Number of articles: [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Glottopedia in German]]<br />
</p><br />
<p style="text-align: center; margin:0 0 0.5em 0; line-height: 1.6;" class="plainlinks"><br />
[[Portal:Semantics|Semantics]] | [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology|Phonetics and phonology]] | [[Portal:Morphology|Morphology]] | [[Portal:Syntax|Syntax]] | [[Portal:Psycholinguistics|Psycholinguistics]] | [[Portal:List of portals|Other thematic areas]] | [[Portal:Biography|Biography]] | [[Portal:Linguistic research|Linguistic research]] | [[Portal:Linguists|Linguists]] <br />
</p><br />
<br />
{|<br />
|- valign="top"<br />
|colspan="2" width="50%" class="toc" style="font-size:100%;"|<br />
<br />
[[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]] is a freely editable encyclopedia for linguists by linguists that is currently being built up. It will contain [[Glottopedia:Dictionary articles|dictionary articles]] on all technical terms of linguistics and is [[Glottopedia:Multilingual|multilingual]]. In addition, there are [[Glottopedia:Survey articles|survey articles]], [[Glottopedia:Biographical articles|biographical articles]] and [[Glottopedia:Language articles|language articles]], potentially on all linguists and all languages.<br />
<br />
Glottopedia articles also exist in [[Glottopedia:Über Glottopedia|German]], [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Spanish]], [[Glottopedia:Benvenuto|Italian]], [[Glottopedia:Accueil des nouveaux arrivants|French]], [[Glottopedia:про Глоттопедию|Russian]], [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Danish]], Swedish, [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|Chinese]], Japanese, [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Norwegian (Nynorsk)]], and in the future hopefully also in many other languages.<br />
----<br />
'''Glottopedia needs your [[Glottopedia:How to contribute|contribution]]'''!<br />
----<br />
=Glottopedia Team=<br />
===Editors===<br />
''Editors-in-Chief'': [[User:NaumSven|Dr. Sven Naumann]], [[User:Wohlgemuth|Dr. Jan Wohlgemuth]]<br />
<br />
''Technical Editor'': [[User:Rostin|Tim Rostin]]<br />
<br />
===Scientific Advisory Council===<br />
[[Gabriel Altmann]], [[Pier Marco Bertinetto]], [[Greville G. Corbett]], [[Östen Dahl]], [[Martin Haase]], [[Martin Haspelmath]], [[Reinhard Köhler]], [[John McWhorter]], [[Eva Schoenke]], [[Jürgen Wedekind]]<br />
<br />
=Sample dictionary articles=<br />
<br />
===Syntax=== <br />
(see also [[Portal:Syntax]])<br />
<br />
[[adjective]], [[alliterative agreement]], [[applicative]], [[apposition]], [[argument structure]], [[attribute]], [[case]], [[complement]], [[contact clause]], [[coordinand]], [[core argument]], [[c-structure]], [[dative transformation]], [[dependency grammar]], [[ellipsis]], [[ergativity]], [[free state]], [[full verb]], [[gapping]], [[infinitive]], [[internal argument]], [[lexical category]], [[negative concord]], [[nonconfigurationality]], [[noun]], [[part of speech]], [[phrase structure grammar]], [[pied piping]], [[prepositional phrase]], [[pro]], [[PRO]], [[promotion]], [[rich agreement]], [[semantic macrorole]], [[subject]], [[subordinator]], [[subcomparative construction]], [[syntactic function]], [[X-bar theory]], [[Θ-role]]<br />
<br />
===Morphology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Morphology]])<br />
<br />
[[accusative case]], [[adfix]], [[affix]], [[allocutive]], [[base]], [[category-system]], [[deadjectival]], [[derivation]], [[dimension]], [[Distributed Morphology]], [[expletive infixation]], [[fission]], [[flag]], [[impoverishment]], [[infinitive]], [[inflection]], [[lexeme]], [[macroparadigm]], [[morpheme]], [[morphophonemics]], [[morphosyntactic category]], [[oblique case]], [[plurale tantum]], [[prefix]], [[reduplicant]], [[simplex]], [[supine]], [[suspended affixation]], [[syncretism]]<br />
<br />
===Phonetics and Phonology===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Phonetics and phonology]])<br />
<br />
[[affricate]], [[apocope]], [[apicodental]], [[appendix (in syllable structure)]], [[approximant]], [[breathy voice]], [[coda]], [[compensatory lengthening]], [[Contrastive Specification Theory]], [[dactyl]], [[declarative phonology]], [[degenerate foot]], [[dependency phonology]], [[extrametricality]], [[fricative]], [[labiodental]], [[laryngeal]], [[lateral]], [[liquid]], [[manner of articulation]], [[Maximal Onset Principle]], [[metrical phonology]], [[minimal word constraint]], [[nasal]], [[natural class]], [[pitch accent (lexical)]], [[prependix]], [[stop]], [[stress]], [[stress-timed and syllable-timed]], [[uvular]], [[velar]], [[velarization]], [[vowel]]<br />
<br />
===Semantics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Semantics]])<br />
<br />
[[agent]], [[ambiguity]], [[antonym]], [[aspect]], [[commissive]], [[collective noun]], [[connotation]], [[de dicto and de re]], [[denotation]], [[directive]], [[echo question]], [[face]], [[hedge]], [[holonym]], [[hyperonym]], [[hyponym]], [[idiom]], [[illocution]], [[implicature]], [[indirect speech act]], [[internally caused situation]], [[meaning]], [[modality]], [[Natural Semantic Metalanguage]], [[performative verb]], [[perlocutionary act]], [[proposition]], [[protasis]], [[semantic marker]], [[semantic role]], [[sense]], [[specificity]], [[speech act]], [[thetic vs. categorical]], [[vagueness]]<br />
<br />
===Diachrony===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Diachrony]])<br />
<br />
[[antigrammaticalization]], [[borrowing]], [[genus]], [[haplology]], [[hyperanalysis]], [[innovation]], [[language family]], [[loanword]], [[normal transmission]], [[propagation]], [[push chain]], [[reanalysis]], [[sound law]], [[syntacticization]], [[xenism]]<br />
<br />
===Computational Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Computational Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[Brill-Tagger]], [[feature logic]], [[finite-state automata]], [[Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar|GPSG]], [[HPSG]], [[Lexical-Functional Grammar|LFG]], [[ID/LP rules]], [[KWIC concordance]], [[parser]], [[shallow parsing]], [[subsumption]], [[tagger]], [[Two-level morphology]], [[unification]], [[unification-based grammars]], [[machine translation]], [[chunking]]<br />
<br />
===Quantitative Linguistics===<br />
(see also [[Portal:Quantitative Linguistics]])<br />
<br />
[[aims and methods of quantitative linguistics]], [[history of quantitative linguistics ]],<br />
[[property]], [[unit]], [[entropy]], [[frequency]], [[function]], [[law]], [[graph theory]], [[hypothesis]],<br />
[[index]], [[information]], [[information theory]], [[numeric classification]], [[length]], [[measure]],<br />
[[metrics]], [[model (building)]], [[economy]], [[process]], [[scale]], [[language law]], [[statistics]],<br />
[[structure]], [[synergetic linguistics]], [[system]], [[system requirement]], [[text]], [[text statistics]], <br />
[[theory]], [[distribution]], [[repetition]], [[properties of the word]], [[interrelation]], [[polysemy]], [[polytextuality]], [[neighbours]], [[Ngram frequency]]<br />
<br />
=Sample biographical articles=<br />
(see also: [[Portal:Biography]])<br />
<br />
[[Karl Ferdinand Becker]]&nbsp;· [[Johannes Benzing]]&nbsp;· [[Simon C. Dik]]&nbsp;· [[Dionysius Thrax]]&nbsp;· [[Stefan Elders]]&nbsp;· [[H. Allan Gleason Jr.]]&nbsp;· [[Einar Haugen]]&nbsp;· [[Marco Haverkort]]&nbsp;· [[Karl Erich Heidolph]]&nbsp;· [[Boris Isaakovič Jarcho]]&nbsp;· [[Georg Friedrich Meier]]&nbsp;· [[Harry L. Shorto]]&nbsp;· [[John Sinclair]]&nbsp;· [[Sergej A. Starostin]]&nbsp;· [[Jost Winteler]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]<br />
<br />
=Other Languages=<br />
* Chinese [[Glottopedia:欢迎,新来者|欢迎,新来者]]<br />
* Danish [[Glottopedia:Velkommen|Velkommen]]<br />
* German [[Glottopedia:Hauptseite|Hauptseite]]<br />
* Norwegian (Nynorsk) [[Glottopedia:Velkomen|Velkomen]]<br />
* Spanish [[Glottopedia:Bienvenidos|Bienvenidos]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Rostin&diff=17649User talk:Rostin2020-08-29T03:56:16Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Rostin ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Rostin/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
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When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
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Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 05:56, 29 August 2020 (CEST)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Thomas_Schwartz&diff=17647User talk:Thomas Schwartz2020-08-18T10:00:39Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Thomas Schwartz ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Thomas Schwartz/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
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=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
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Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 12:00, 18 August 2020 (CEST)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Paul_Georg_Meyer&diff=17646User talk:Paul Georg Meyer2020-07-04T04:58:12Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Paul Georg Meyer ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Paul Georg Meyer/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
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=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
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Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 06:58, 4 July 2020 (CEST)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Wohlgemuth&diff=17645User:Wohlgemuth2020-04-03T08:57:36Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
<br />
<div {{Greybox}}>Dr.phil. '''Jan Wohlgemuth''' M.A.<br><br />
Universitas Indonesia<br><br />
Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya – Program Studi Jerman<br><br />
Ged. III, Lt. 1<br><br />
Kampus UI Depok<br><br />
Depok, Jawa Barat 16424<br><br />
INDONESIA<br />
<br />
Wer mehr wissen will, kann auf der '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|Diskussionsseite]]''' eine Nachricht hinterlassen oder mich einfach [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|anmailen]]:<br><br />
If you want to know more, leave me a message on my '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|talk page]]''' or send me an [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|e-mail]]:<br />
'''glottopedia (at) uni-trier.de''' (filtered)<br />
or<br />
'''linguist@spamcop.net''' (filtered even more)<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="10" <br />
|-<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==Was ich hier tue==<br />
Hier bei der Glottopedia bin ich vor allem damit beschäftigt, meine [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-Liste]] so gut es geht abzuarbeiten und sie gleichzeitig um all das zu erweitern, was an Infrastruktur-Pflege nötig wird. <br />
<br />
Bereits im Vorgängerprojekt ''Linguipedia'' und einem anderen Wikiprojekt einer Internetcommunity war ich "Bürokrat" und "SysOp" und habe mich vor allem um die Infrastruktur und Verwaltung der Wiki-Systeme sowie um die "Hygiene" (Spambeseitigung) gekümmert. Das werde ich hier auch weiter tun. Außerdem stehe ich natürlich gerne bei Fragen zur Glottopedia zur Verfügung.</div><br />
Der Benutzer Jan Wohlgemuth hat [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|diese Beiträge]] (mit)bearbeitet.<br />
||<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==What I am doing here==<br />
Here at Glottopedia I mainly try to work off my [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-List]] best I can while I at the same time constantly add new tasks related to enhancing and maintaining the project. <br />
<br />
Already in one of the predecessor projects, ''Linguipedia'', and another Wiki project of an internet community I was "Bureaucrat" and "SysOp" and took care of infrastructure, maintenance and "hygiene" (anti-spam). That is basically what I am doing here as well. Of course you can also contact me when you have any questions regarding Glottopedia.</div><br />
The user Jan Wohlgemuth (co)edited [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|these articles]].<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Mehr über mich==<br />
<!-- {{PND|124676979|Jan Wohlgemuth}} --><br />
* [https://janwo.linguist.de/ Blog]<br />
* [https://www.jan-wohlgemuth.de/ Meine Homepage]<br />
* [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Wohlgemuth Research Gate]<br />
* [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-6895 ORCID]<br />
* [http://www.germanistenverzeichnis.phil.uni-erlangen.de/institutslisten/files/de/09300_de/9378_de.html Germanistenverzeichnis]<br />
{{LLL|8686}}<br />
<br />
<div {{Yellowbox}}><br />
===Interaktion erwünscht===<br />
* '''[https://www.linguisten.de/ Linguistik-Forum]''' <br />
* '''[https://www.facebook.com/Glottopedia/ Glottopedia Facebook Page]''' <br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Kleinkram==<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Wantlist|Interessen und Artikel-Wunschzettel]]<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Langtable]]<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo]]''<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/Wishlist]]''<br />
<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Liste der Konfigurationsvariablen]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{about}}</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:AndyH&diff=17641User talk:AndyH2020-03-02T06:48:25Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, AndyH ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[AndyH/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 07:48, 2 March 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:LiTGaP2020&diff=17640Glottopedia:LiTGaP20202020-02-24T02:53:58Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[User:Wohlgemuth|Jan Wohlgemuth]] attended ''The First International Conference on Linguistic Terminology, Glossing and Phonemicization<br />
(LiTGaP 2020)'' hosted by the Japanese Linguistics Internationalization Committee and held at Denkoku no Mori, Yonezawa City, Yamagata, Japan, Feb. 22–24, 2020. [https://sites.google.com/yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/litgap2020/program] and presented the history and current issues of Glottopedia there. <br />
<br />
===Some notes and suggestions:===<br />
<br />
* Open to the conlanging community. Many conlangers are very good at linguistics and know their way around in the internet. They would be a good resource of community and contributors. (A. Lahaussois)<br />
* Would it be possible do make derivatives (MySQL dump -> new installation) or incorporate other databases? (Kuroki K.)<br />
* What will happen when [[User:NaumSven]] retires? Who will have access to the server? Will GP still be hosted in Trier? (M. Zisk)<br />
: Offer from M. Zisk to move it to Sendai<br />
* How to compete (if at all) with the "giant" Wikipedia? (M. Zisk)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:45, 24 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
==Discussion==</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:LiTGaP2020&diff=17639Glottopedia:LiTGaP20202020-02-24T02:45:26Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "Jan Wohlgemuth attended ''The First International Conference on Linguistic Terminology, Glossing and Phonemicization (LiTGaP 2020)'' hosted by the Japanese..."</p>
<hr />
<div>[[User:Wohlgemuth|Jan Wohlgemuth]] attended ''The First International Conference on Linguistic Terminology, Glossing and Phonemicization<br />
(LiTGaP 2020)'' hosted by the Japanese Linguistics Internationalization Committee and held at Denkoku no Mori, Yonezawa City, Yamagata, Japan, Feb. 22–24, 2020. [https://sites.google.com/yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/litgap2020/program] and presented the history and current issues of Glottopedia there. <br />
<br />
===Some notes and suggestions:===<br />
<br />
* Open to the conlanging community. Many conlangers are very good at linguistics and know their way around in the internet. They would be a good resource of community and contributors. (A. Lahaussois)<br />
* Would it be possible do make derivatives (MySQL dump -> new installation) or incorporate other databases? (Kuroki K.)<br />
* What will happen when [[User:NaumSven]] retires? Who will have access to the server? Will GP still be hosted in Trier? (M. Zisk)<br />
: Offer from M. Zisk to move it to Sendai<br />
<br />
--[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:45, 24 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
==Discussion==</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:KazuhiroOkada&diff=17637User talk:KazuhiroOkada2020-02-24T02:12:24Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, KazuhiroOkada ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[KazuhiroOkada/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:12, 24 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:Forum/Categories&diff=17636Glottopedia:Forum/Categories2020-02-23T08:14:06Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div><div {{Greenbox2}}>'''This page is intended for discussions regarding categories, categorizations, and category tools.''' </div><br />
<br />
<br />
As resulting out of attempts to sort articles into categories and several subsequent conversations with [[User:Wohlgemuth|Wohlgemuth]], here's a list of issues and suggestions concerning the [[Special:Categories|categories]]: <br />
<br />
mergable categories:<br />
* Phonetics_and_Phonology, Phonetics_and_phonolgy, Phonetics, and Phonology (cf. category list) all coexist and should possibly be merged into one category. As both areas are sometimes hard to distinguish, a superordinate category like 'Phonetics and Phonolgy' with two subordinate categories for either of them could considered.<br />
* Valency and Valence should also be merged into one category as they name the same topic. <br />
<br />
<br />
Moreover, a closer look into the category seems necessary. There are several categories that shouldn't be major categories but rather subordinate ones. Tasks like this could either be done by hand or via the usage of a bot. The possibility to create something like a category tree doesn't only make it easier to navigate the page but also allows the usage of - for example - plugins that automatically sort articles into their superordinate categories when they are put into a subordinate one. <br />
<br />
A further suggestion that came up in yesterdays conversation is one regarding category languages: most of Glottopedia's users are students which most likely will search for articles and categories in their native language. Since there is quite a number of German categories (and some even have a [[:Portal:Quantitative_Linguistik|portal]] already), the idea was to allow creating categories both in English and the respective article languages. This wouldn't go along with the original idea of having all category names in English, but might be worth thinking about as it would allow Glottopedia to be searchable way easier and would additionally enable the category tree to be more specific. It would also prevent categories from getting too large because they subsume articles about the same topics in several languages.<br />
<br />
[[User:Katja Politt|Katja Politt]] ([[User talk:Katja Politt|talk]]) 12:17, 7 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
<br />
Some additional points by me<br />
:* Articles should only be added into their laguage's categories. On the category pages (and portals) themselves one should place links to the same categories in other languages. <br />
:* We need some kind of plugin like ''categrory tree'' ( http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:CategoryTree ) to avoid cluttering articles with superordinate categories' labels. This would also be extremely useful for articles on languages / doculects.<br />
:* The categories need proper definitions and guidelines. <br />
:* The metalanguage categories like DE, EN, ZH should not be at root level. They ought to be subsumed under some more general Metacategory. <br />
--[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 15:53, 7 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
::: Addendum: We '''do''' have CategoryTree, ist's just not properly implemented on the pages etc. >> [[Special:CategoryTree]] --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 11:02, 14 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
::Since English seems to be our working language (see also this discussion) and the general meta language in this project anyway, we do not need categories in different languages. We are multilingual and can easily work with articles in different languages categorized under one English label, like we also often do for glosses. I am pro the other suggestions. --[[User:MRiessler|MRiessler]] ([[User talk:MRiessler|talk]]) 08:27, 11 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
I think it is uncontroversial that the category list has to be cleaned/revised. So, who can do the work and what guidelines should be applied? I think MRiessler is right: We should use English labels whenever possible.--[[User:NaumSven|NaumSven]] ([[User talk:NaumSven|talk]]) 20:41, 13 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
<br />
: I repeat my point of view: If we allow different article languages, we should imho also allow different category languages. I had an offline discussion with [[User:Katja Politt|Katja Politt]], who brought up this topic in the first place. The main considereation for article-labguage categories as opposed to one meta(meta)language English is that most of our users and authors nowadays seem to be students from Germany. Many students, especially beginners, seem to prefer reading/writing in their native language. What, exactly, is the advantage of having huge categories filled with articles in many different languages? The category pages will, in the long run, become very cluttered and overcrowded. Since we have only one data base and not, like Wikipedia, a different db for each language, we will have to find a practical way to access articles by metalanguage. The metalanguage categories are at best helpful but they cannot do the job because the articles will only be alphabetized but not arranged in topics. <br />
: To allow cross-language access, I would suggest that all category pages themselves (like [[:Category:Quantitative Linguistik]]) link to their equivalent categories in other languages.<br />
: Best, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 11:01, 14 June 2013 (CEST)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:Forum/Categories&diff=17635Glottopedia:Forum/Categories2020-02-23T08:09:36Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div><div {{Greenbox2}}>'''This page is intended for discussions regarding categories, categorizations, and category tools.''' </div><br />
<br />
<br />
As resulting out of attempts to sort articles into categories and several subsequent conversations with [[User:Wohlgemuth|Wohlgemuth]], here's a list of issues and suggestions concerning the [[Special:Categories|categories]]: <br />
<br />
mergable categories:<br />
* Phonetics_and_Phonology, Phonetics_and_phonolgy, Phonetics, and Phonology (cf. category list) all coexist and should possibly be merged into one category. As both areas are sometimes hard to distinguish, a superordinate category like 'Phonetics and Phonolgy' with two subordinate categories for either of them could considered.<br />
* Valency and Valence should also be merged into one category as they name the same topic. <br />
<br />
<br />
Moreover, a closer look into the category seems necessary. There are several categories that shouldn't be major categories but rather subordinate ones. Tasks like this could either be done by hand or via the usage of a bot. The possibility to create something like a category tree doesn't only make it easier to navigate the page but also allows the usage of - for example - plugins that automatically sort articles into their superordinate categories when they are put into a subordinate one. <br />
<br />
A further suggestion that came up in yesterdays conversation is one regarding category languages: most of Glottopedia's users are students which most likely will search for articles and categories in their native language. Since there is quite a number of German categories (and some even have a [[:Portal:Quantitative_Linguistik|portal]] already), the idea was to allow creating categories both in English and the respective article languages. This wouldn't go along with the original idea of having all category names in English, but might be worth thinking about as it would allow Glottopedia to be searchable way easier and would additionally enable the category tree to be more specific. It would also prevent categories from getting too large because they subsume articles about the same topics in several languages.<br />
<br />
[[User:Katja Politt|Katja Politt]] ([[User talk:Katja Politt|talk]]) 12:17, 7 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
<br />
Some additional points by me<br />
:* Articles should only be added into their laguage's categories. On the category pages (and portals) themselves one should place links to the same categories in other languages. <br />
:* We need some kind of plugin like ''categrory tree'' ( http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:CategoryTree ) to avoid cluttering articles with superordinate categories' labels. This would also be extremely useful for articles on languages / doculects.<br />
:* The categories need proper definitions and guidelines. <br />
:* The metalanguage categories like DE, EN, ZH should not be at root level. They ought to be subsumed under some more general Metacategory. <br />
--[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 15:53, 7 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
::: Addendum: We '''do''' have CategoryTree, ist's just not properly implemented on the pages etc. >> [[Special:CategoryTree]] --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 11:02, 14 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
::Since English seems to be our working language (see also this discussion) and the general meta language in this project anyway, we do not need categories in different languages. We are multilingual and can easily work with articles in different languages categorized under one English label, like we also often do for glosses. I am pro the other suggestions. --[[User:MRiessler|MRiessler]] ([[User talk:MRiessler|talk]]) 08:27, 11 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
I think it is uncontroversial that the category list has to be cleaned/revised. So, who can do the work and what guidelines should be applied? I think MRiessler is right: We should use English labels whenever possible.--[[User:NaumSven|NaumSven]] ([[User talk:NaumSven|talk]]) 20:41, 13 June 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
<br />
: I repeat my point of view: If we allow different article languages, we should imho also allow different category languages. I had an offline discussion with [[User:Katja Politt|Katja Politt]], who brought up this topic in the first place. The main considereation for article-labguage categories as opposed to one meta(meta)language English is that most of our users and authors nowadays seem to be students from Germany. Many students, especially beginners, seem to prefer reading/writing in their native language. What, exactly, is the advantage of having huge categories filled with articles in many different languages? The category pages will, in the long run, become very cluttered and overcrowded. Since we have only one data base and not, like Wikipedia, a different db for each language, we will have to find a practical way to access articles by metalanguage. The metalanguage categories are at best helpful but they cannot do the job because the articles will only be alphabetized but not arranged in topics. <br />
: To allow cross-language access, I would suggest that all category pages themselves (like [[Category:Quantitative Linguistik]]) link to their equivalent categories in other languages.<br />
: Best, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 11:01, 14 June 2013 (CEST)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Frikativ&diff=17634Frikativ2020-02-23T08:05:46Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>Ein '''Frikativ''' ist ein [[Konsonant]] ([[Artikulationsart]]), der durch eine Enge im [[Ansatzrohr]] entsteht. Die Luft, die diese Enge passiert, wird verwirbelt und es bildet sich Friktion. Dadurch entsteht ein Geräusch, der Frikativ.<br />
<br />
Es werden stimmhafte und stimmlose Frikative unterschieden.<br />
<br />
===Beispiele===<br />
[ç], [v], [s], [ð], [f] <br />
<br />
<br />
Deutsch: [ç] in ''ich'' oder [v] in ''wo''<br />
<br />
Englisch: [s] in ''sea'' or [ð] in ''there''<br />
<br />
=== Link ===<br />
[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Fricative&lemmacode=760 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]<br />
<br />
{{stub}}<br />
[[Category:De]]<br />
[[Category:Phonetics]]<br />
[[Category:DICT]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Template:Hello&diff=17633Template:Hello2020-02-23T07:01:47Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, {{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>PAGENAME}} ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:ActiveUsers|active user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki markup in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[{{<includeonly>subst:</includeonly>PAGENAME}}/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --<includeonly>~~</includeonly><includeonly>~~</includeonly><noinclude><br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
''Please use this template as follows:'' <code><nowiki>{{subst:Hello}}</nowiki></code> (nothing else). Your personal signature will be filled in by the template automatically. The "hello" that you see here in the headline will change into the user's name.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Template|Hello]]</noinclude></div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Createaccount-text/de&diff=17632MediaWiki:Createaccount-text/de2020-02-23T06:12:45Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "Es wurde für dich ein Benutzerkonto „$2“ auf {{SITENAME}} ($4) erstellt. Das automatisch generierte Passwort für „$2“ ist „$3“. Du solltest dich nun anmelden und..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Es wurde für dich ein Benutzerkonto „$2“ auf {{SITENAME}} ($4) erstellt. Das automatisch generierte Passwort für „$2“ ist „$3“. Du solltest dich nun anmelden und das Passwort ändern.<br />
<br />
Falls das Benutzerkonto irrtümlich angelegt wurde, kannst du diese Nachricht ignorieren oder aber dich an glottopedia@uni-trier.de wenden, um das Benutzerkonto entfernen zu lassen.</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Createaccount-text&diff=17631MediaWiki:Createaccount-text2020-02-23T06:11:04Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>Someone created an account for your e-mail address on {{SITENAME}} ($4) named "$2", with password "$3".<br />
You should log in and change your password now.<br />
<br />
You may ignore this message, if this account was created in error. <br />
Please kindly report any abuse or direct any questions to glottopedia@uni-trier.de</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Ed:Forum&diff=17630Ed:Forum2020-02-23T05:46:55Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* URLs mit "Glottopedia" */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the forum for the editors and members of the Scientific Advisory Council. It is publicly readable, but Glottopedia users who are not editors or members of the Scientific Advisory Council are encouraged to use the [[Glottopedia:Forum|general forum]] instead.<br />
<br />
The Ed:Forum accepts contributions in German as well as English, as all the editors mostly use German in interacting with each other.<br />
<br />
==Agenda==<br />
<br />
In diesem Abschnitt sind Dinge aufgelistet, die wir demnächst machen sollten. Wenn sie erledigt sind, können sie gelöscht werden.<br />
<br />
*neue, schönere Startseite<br />
*Christian Lehmanns LiDo importieren (siehe [[Ed:Forum#LiDo]])<br />
*WALS-Sprachendaten importieren (mit Hans-Jörgs Stammbaummethode)<br />
*Link-Artikel zu SIL glossary erstellen<br />
*verschiedene andere in Trier vorgeschlagene Dinge tun (siehe [[Ed:Forum#Protokoll Trier 28.2.2009]])<br />
*Frage zu Unicode klären (siehe [[Ed:Forum#ISO-8859-1_vs._Unicode]])<br />
<br />
==ISO-8859-1 vs. Unicode==<br />
Haben wir inzwischen Unicode? Ein Nutzer merkte an, dass nicht Unicode, sondern ISO-8859-1 verwendet wird (siehe [[Glottopedia:Forum#Unicode|hier]]). --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 17:39, 7 October 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==URLs mit "Glottopedia"==<br />
Gegenwärtig kann man Glottopedia-Artikel wie "Wort" nicht mit "www.glottopedia.org/Wort" finden, sondern muss eine wenig transparente URL wie "http://urts120.uni-trier.de/glottopedia/index.php/Wort" verwenden. Kann man das ändern, so dass es wie bei Wikipedia funktioniert? (Siehe auch diesen [[Glottopedia:Forum#Edit URL|Nutzer-Kommentar]]). --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 17:36, 7 October 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
: Das kann nur jemand mit Serverzugriff direkt in der Datei LocalSettings.php ändern. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] 15:30, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
:: ... tut es aber nicht. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 06:46, 23 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
==Nichtexistierende Sprachvarianten==<br />
(Sven Naumann schrieb:)Wenn wir in jeden Artikel (automatisch) unter dem Abschnitt Other Languages 30 Links für<br />
unsere Lieblingssprachen einfügen, sehe ich nicht, wie das eine appelative Funktion haben kann. Links auf wichtige, aber noch undefinierte Begriffe, habe ich für wichtig und der Entwicklung des Lexikons förderlich; bei Links auf nicht existierende Sprachvarianten eines Artikels habe ich so meine Probleme.<br />
:Ich halte Übersetzungen von Termini in andere Sprachen für eine sehr wichtige Funktion der Glottopedia, und ich finde es z.B. sehr gut, dass ein Nutzer in den letzten Wochen für etliche Artikel eine russische Übersetzung eingefügt hat (z.B. [[alveolar]]). Man könnte überlegen, dass man diese Übersetzungen nicht unbedingt als Links (also rot unterlegt) einfügt, aber warum nicht? Schließlich soll es im Prinzip ja Artikel zu allen Themen in allen relevanten Sprachen geben.--[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 15:43, 12 September 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
== Kategorien ==<br />
<br />
In Bezug auf die Einführung und Vergabe von Kategorien ist ein Besorgnis erregender Wildwuchs zu beobachten.<br />
Es ist gerade noch an der Zeit, Rolle und Zweck der Kategorien zu diskutieren, um hoffentlich nicht zu spät einen Konsens<br />
über diese Fragen zu finden. Wenn es weiter geht wie jetzt, gibt es binnen kurzer Zeit keine Hoffnung mehr, ein <br />
sinnvolles und transparentes Kategorienschema zu etablieren.<br />
<br />
Frage: Wozu dienen Kategorien? Versuch einer Antwort:<br />
Wie andere Ordnungsmittel auch dienen Kategorien in erster Linie zur Orientierung der Nutzer,<br />
genauer gesagt der Erschließung der Information. In zweiter Linie könnte man daran denken, dass auch <br />
die Autoren durch die Kategorien eine Orientierungshilfe erhalten sollen.<br />
Wenn diese Zweckbestimmung richtig ist, muss man als erstes fragen, nach welchen Strategien ein<br />
Nutzer Kategorien verwenden wird. Meist folgt man intuitiv einer Vorstellung, wie sie seit Aristoteles<br />
etabliert ist: Man denkt an ein irgendwie ontologisch gegliedertes, hierarchisches System. Damit<br />
müsste es (1) eine inhaltliche, begriffliche Einteilung bieten und (2) den Begriffsraum möglichst gleichmäßig abdecken.<br />
<br />
Zusätzlich sind weitere Erschließungsdimensionen sinnvoll. In Glottopedia vorgesehen ist z.B. die Artikelsprache.<br />
Ein gutes Erschließungs- und Zugriffssystem unterscheidet daher verschiedene Arten von Kategorien<br />
(jedermann bekannt z.B. dadurch, dass Bücher gern einen Sachindex und einen davon getrennten Namenindex<br />
bieten. Bibliothekarisch ausgefuchste Informationsquellen haben 7 und mehr verschiedene Indexarten.<br />
Das ist eine Sache des Aufwands und der Frage, ob man den Nutzern so viel Unterscheidungsvermögen<br />
zutrauen will).<br />
<br />
In Glottopedia gibt es offensichtlich noch keine Überlegungen zu diesen Fragen. Die Kategorien betreffen<br />
Artikeleigenschaften aller Art, wobei auch die quantitative Seite noch nicht bedacht wird. So manche<br />
ad-hoc eingeführte Kategorie wird wohl kaum eine Chance haben, mehr als zwei, drei Artikel zu versammeln.<br />
Genauso wichtig würde ich jetzt den Punkt nehmen, wonach ein Nutzer denn suchen wird. Wird er tatsächlich<br />
seine Artikelsuche daran orientieren, ob es sich um einen eher allgemeinen Terminus handelt oder um eine<br />
spezielle Fragestellung (vgl die kürzlich diskutierte Kategorie HYPO, die durch SPEC ersetzt werden soll)?<br />
Ich glaube kaum, denn er wird nicht wissen, wie speziell seine Frage ist, solange er nicht die Antwort kennt.<br />
<br />
Zusammenfassend: Welche Aufgabe sollen die Kategorien in Glottopedia haben?<br />
<br />
Konstruktiver Vorschlag: Der Bereich der Linguistik wird vorab einer Systematisierung unterworfen (wobei man sich an<br />
guten Bibliotheken orientieren könnte), um eine Art Thesaurus zu gewinnen. Die Blätter des entstandenen<br />
Baums könnten Kategorien werden. Allerdings: Suchen wird man so auch nicht. So etwas könnte der nachträglichen<br />
Einordnung dienen.<br />
<br />
Dem Nutzerzugriff dienen würden vor allem reine organisatorische Kategorien (wie die der Artikelsprache),<br />
womit man sehr sparsam umgehen sollte. Nicht akzeptabel ist es, wenn ein und dieselbe Aussage mittels<br />
mehrerer verschiedener Ausdrucksformen signalisiert wird (so derzeit in Glottopedia bei der Angabe der<br />
Artikelherkunft. Ich hatte es so verstanden, dass dazu ein virtueller Nutzername dienen soll. Jetzt gibt<br />
es aber für den gleichen Zweck auch Kategorien).<br />
<br />
Noch etwas: Man sollte sich auch einmal die Konsequenzen eines ausufernden Kategorienvorrats vor Augen<br />
führen - schon allein dafür, was auf einen Autor zukommen könnte, wenn er herausfinden muss, welche Vielzahl an<br />
Kategorien er der Einheitlichkeit wegen seinem Artikel anhand einer unübersichtlichen Liste zuordnen muss.<br />
<br />
Dringender Appell: Schnellstens diskutieren und ein einheitliches System einführen!<br />
<br />
--[[User:Rk|Rk]] 12:22, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
:Die bisherigen Regeln finden sich unter [[Glottopedia:Categorization]]. Dort wird zunächst unterschieden zwischen obligatorischen Kategorien (Sprache, Artikeltyp, Hauptkategorie) und Spezialkategorien. Besteht Konsens über die obligatorischen Kategorien? Dann sollten wir vielleicht hier an dieser Stelle nur über die Spezialkategorien diskutieren. Ich selbst habe zu den Spezialkategorien keine ausgeprägte Meinung. Wer sich damit beschäftigen will, sollte herzlich eingeladen sein! Auch bei Wikipedia gibt es ja viele Leute, die sich vorwiegend mit dem Kategorisieren beschäftigen, während andere sich damit überhaupt nicht beschäftigen (man muss von den autoren der Artikel nicht erwarten, dass sie ihre artikel auch kategorisieren!). Nur eine kleine Anmerkung: Ich denke, dass die Kategorien auch für die Autoren sehr nützlich sind, um nämlich zu sehen, welche Artikel es schon gibt. --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 13:43, 30 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
== Kategorien-Sprache==<br />
Die Frage nach einem mehrsprachigen Kategoriensystem lässt sich nicht so ohne Weiteres beantworten, da es Pros und Kontras gibt. Ich werde darüber nachdenken. Bei der Herausgabe des Internationalen Handbuchs der Quantitativen Linguistik, das wie bei de Gruyter üblich zweisprachig ist, habe ich mich für ein deutsches und ein englisches Sachregister entschieden, die aber in eine Einheit gemischt wurden. Allerdings handelt es sich dabei auch nicht um Kategorien, sondern um Stich- bzw. Schlagwörter. Ich denke darüber nach. --[[User:Rk|Rk]] 14:14, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==Artikel aus anderen Internet-Wörterbüchern==<br />
1. ich bitte darum, nicht aus quantitativen Erwägungen heraus einfach ungesehen Artikel aus dem Fries-Lexikon in Glottopedia zu übernehmen: die Artikel zur GPSG und zur HPSG etwa waren/sind in der vorliegenden Form intolerabel. Wir sollten bei der Übernahme fremder Artikel deutlich mehr Sorgfalt walten lassen. Aus diesem Grund habe ich auch etwa 50% der WikiLingua-Artikel zunächst noch nicht übertragen lassen. [[User:NaumSven|NaumSven]] 09:31, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
: Die entscheidende Frage ist: Wie machen wir die Glottopedia innerhalb von einigen Monaten so attraktiv, dass Leute weitere Artikel beisteuern? Ich war bisher davon ausgegangen, dass wir das unter anderem dadurch machen, dass wir Kollegen mit Internet-Wörterbüchern anschreiben und fragen, ob wir ihre Artikel übernehmen dürfen. Bei Eva Schoenke und den Utrechtern war das Werben jetzt erfolgreich, also denke ich, dass wir die Artikel jetzt auch übernehmen sollten. Die Ressourcen, jeden einzelnen Artikel noch einmal inhaltlich durchzugehen, haben wir nicht. Wir müssen hoffen, dass sich eine Community bildet und das Stück für Stück macht. Und einen absoluten Maßstab für Qualität gibt es ja ohnehin nicht. Ich hatte unsere Rolle als Herausgeber nicht so verstanden, dass wir Artikel aus Qualitätsgründen ablehnen oder akzeptieren. Wir sollten dafür sorgen, dass es eine genügende Anzahl guter Artikel gibt, an denen man sich orientieren kann, aber ansonsten muss die (bisher noch nicht existierende) Community die Arbeit tun. --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 16:05, 30 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==Abschnittsüberschriften==<br />
2. Ich halte es für äußerst seltsam, wenn in einigen Artikel die Abschnitte mit Linien (==) in anderen dagegen nicht (===) getrennt werden. Da in den meisten Artikeln, die ich mir angeschaut habe die zweite Konvention befolgt wird, habe ich mich an sie gehalten und finde ich gelinde gesagt erstaunlich, wenn nachträglich etwas in aus WikiLingua stammenden Artikel (Type-Token-Relation) daran etwas geändert, während die Linguipedia-Artikel mehrheitlich auch dieser Konvention folgen. [[User:NaumSven|NaumSven]] 09:31, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
: Sind wir uns einig, dass wir die Abschnittsüberschriften ohne Linien benutzen (weil unsere Abschnitte oft sehr kurz sind)? Also mit drei Gleichheitszeichen (===) statt mit zwei (==)? Beim Artikel zur Type-Token-Relation hat offenbar der Linguipedia-Nutzer genau diese Anpassung vorgenommen (drei statt zwei Gleichheitszeichen). --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 16:07, 30 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
:: Ich bin mir sicher, dass man (bzw. jemand mit Adminrechten) ansonsten auch einfach in einer bestimmten .css-Datei die Überschriftenformate (und das Vorhandensein der Trennlinie) umdefinieren kann. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] 15:30, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Protokoll Trier 28.2.2009==<br />
(hierher kopiert von [[Glottopedia:Workshop-Trier]])<br />
* Maßnahmen zur Steigerung der Attraktivität von Glottopedia<br />
** Neugestaltung der Hauptseite (Entwurf: Götz Burger / Umsetzung nach Überarbeitung: Thomas Goldammer):<br />
*** Boxenstruktur a la Wikipedia (''Team'', Portale, etc.)<br />
*** eventuell: ein ausgezeichneter Artikel (''Artikel des Monats'')<br />
** Qualitativer Sprung durch quantitatives Wachstum:<br />
*** (semi)automatische Generierung großer Mengen neuer Artikel (z.B. für alle in der LINGUIST List verzeichnete Linguisten einen Link-Artikel)<br />
*** Links auf geeignete Artikel der Wikipedia setzen<br />
*** Übernahme von geeigneten Artikeln aus der Wikipedia (Am Ende des Artikel sollte ein geeigneter Hinweis wie ''Dieser Beitrag basiert auf einem Artikel der Wikipedia...'' stehen, der außerdem einen Link auf den Wikipedia-Artikel enthält.)<br />
** LINGUIST List regelmäßig nutzen, um durch Ankündigung von substantiellen Änderungen bzw. Erweiterungen die Bekanntheit der Glottopedia in der für uns relevanten Zielgruppe zu steigern.<br />
** Die Hilfeseite soll ausgebaut werden: <br />
*** ''Screencasts'' erstellen, die Benutzer mit grundlegenden Eigenschaften des Systems vertraut machen<br />
*** Masken für verschiedene Artikeltypen<br />
* Software<br />
** Update der Mediawiki-Software<br />
** Anzeige des Artikelnamens in der Adresszeile des Browers<br />
** ''search''-Feld an den Anfang der linken Spalte setzen<br />
** CTREE-Plugin integrieren (Sprachegenealogie)<br />
** Suchfunktion verbessern<br />
** Die Verweise auf anderssprachige Versionen eines Artikels sollen (wie in Wikipedia) durch Verwendung von Abkürzungen und Interwiki-Links in einer Box in der linken Navigationsleiste angezeigt werden.<br />
* Strukturelle Aspekte<br />
** Englisch als Sprache für Kategorienbezeichner (z.B ''computational linguistics'' statt ''Computerlinguistik'' als Kategorie) <br />
** Der Artikeltyp HYPO wird gelöscht. Alle Artikel diesen Typs werden unter die Kategorie DICT subsumiert.<br />
** Die Kategorie LING wird in ORG umbenannt.<br />
** Es wird eine Namensraum REF für bibliographische Angaben eingeführt.<br />
<br />
==Kategorien==<br />
Ich habe den Artikel-Typ HYPO abgeschafft und den Artikel-Typ [[Glottopedia:Linguistic research articles]] in ORG (vgl. [[:Category:ORG]]) umbenannt (von ehemals LING). Die Seite [[Glottopedia:Linguistic research articles]] muss noch umbenannt werden.--[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 17:07, 2 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
==LiDo==<br />
Christian Lehmanns LiDo darf ab sofort in die Glottopedia importiert werden.--[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 13:31, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
: Kriegen wir die als MySQL Dump, XML oder ähnliches? --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] 15:30, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
:: Tja. Das Original existiert nicht mehr und nichts ist passiert. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 06:45, 23 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- No editing below this line, please --><br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Ed:Forum&diff=17629Ed:Forum2020-02-23T05:45:42Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* LiDo */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the forum for the editors and members of the Scientific Advisory Council. It is publicly readable, but Glottopedia users who are not editors or members of the Scientific Advisory Council are encouraged to use the [[Glottopedia:Forum|general forum]] instead.<br />
<br />
The Ed:Forum accepts contributions in German as well as English, as all the editors mostly use German in interacting with each other.<br />
<br />
==Agenda==<br />
<br />
In diesem Abschnitt sind Dinge aufgelistet, die wir demnächst machen sollten. Wenn sie erledigt sind, können sie gelöscht werden.<br />
<br />
*neue, schönere Startseite<br />
*Christian Lehmanns LiDo importieren (siehe [[Ed:Forum#LiDo]])<br />
*WALS-Sprachendaten importieren (mit Hans-Jörgs Stammbaummethode)<br />
*Link-Artikel zu SIL glossary erstellen<br />
*verschiedene andere in Trier vorgeschlagene Dinge tun (siehe [[Ed:Forum#Protokoll Trier 28.2.2009]])<br />
*Frage zu Unicode klären (siehe [[Ed:Forum#ISO-8859-1_vs._Unicode]])<br />
<br />
==ISO-8859-1 vs. Unicode==<br />
Haben wir inzwischen Unicode? Ein Nutzer merkte an, dass nicht Unicode, sondern ISO-8859-1 verwendet wird (siehe [[Glottopedia:Forum#Unicode|hier]]). --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 17:39, 7 October 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==URLs mit "Glottopedia"==<br />
Gegenwärtig kann man Glottopedia-Artikel wie "Wort" nicht mit "www.glottopedia.org/Wort" finden, sondern muss eine wenig transparente URL wie "http://urts120.uni-trier.de/glottopedia/index.php/Wort" verwenden. Kann man das ändern, so dass es wie bei Wikipedia funktioniert? (Siehe auch diesen [[Glottopedia:Forum#Edit URL|Nutzer-Kommentar]]). --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 17:36, 7 October 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
: Das kann nur jemand mit Serverzugriff direkt in der Datei LocalSettings.php ändern. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] 15:30, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Nichtexistierende Sprachvarianten==<br />
(Sven Naumann schrieb:)Wenn wir in jeden Artikel (automatisch) unter dem Abschnitt Other Languages 30 Links für<br />
unsere Lieblingssprachen einfügen, sehe ich nicht, wie das eine appelative Funktion haben kann. Links auf wichtige, aber noch undefinierte Begriffe, habe ich für wichtig und der Entwicklung des Lexikons förderlich; bei Links auf nicht existierende Sprachvarianten eines Artikels habe ich so meine Probleme.<br />
:Ich halte Übersetzungen von Termini in andere Sprachen für eine sehr wichtige Funktion der Glottopedia, und ich finde es z.B. sehr gut, dass ein Nutzer in den letzten Wochen für etliche Artikel eine russische Übersetzung eingefügt hat (z.B. [[alveolar]]). Man könnte überlegen, dass man diese Übersetzungen nicht unbedingt als Links (also rot unterlegt) einfügt, aber warum nicht? Schließlich soll es im Prinzip ja Artikel zu allen Themen in allen relevanten Sprachen geben.--[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 15:43, 12 September 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
== Kategorien ==<br />
<br />
In Bezug auf die Einführung und Vergabe von Kategorien ist ein Besorgnis erregender Wildwuchs zu beobachten.<br />
Es ist gerade noch an der Zeit, Rolle und Zweck der Kategorien zu diskutieren, um hoffentlich nicht zu spät einen Konsens<br />
über diese Fragen zu finden. Wenn es weiter geht wie jetzt, gibt es binnen kurzer Zeit keine Hoffnung mehr, ein <br />
sinnvolles und transparentes Kategorienschema zu etablieren.<br />
<br />
Frage: Wozu dienen Kategorien? Versuch einer Antwort:<br />
Wie andere Ordnungsmittel auch dienen Kategorien in erster Linie zur Orientierung der Nutzer,<br />
genauer gesagt der Erschließung der Information. In zweiter Linie könnte man daran denken, dass auch <br />
die Autoren durch die Kategorien eine Orientierungshilfe erhalten sollen.<br />
Wenn diese Zweckbestimmung richtig ist, muss man als erstes fragen, nach welchen Strategien ein<br />
Nutzer Kategorien verwenden wird. Meist folgt man intuitiv einer Vorstellung, wie sie seit Aristoteles<br />
etabliert ist: Man denkt an ein irgendwie ontologisch gegliedertes, hierarchisches System. Damit<br />
müsste es (1) eine inhaltliche, begriffliche Einteilung bieten und (2) den Begriffsraum möglichst gleichmäßig abdecken.<br />
<br />
Zusätzlich sind weitere Erschließungsdimensionen sinnvoll. In Glottopedia vorgesehen ist z.B. die Artikelsprache.<br />
Ein gutes Erschließungs- und Zugriffssystem unterscheidet daher verschiedene Arten von Kategorien<br />
(jedermann bekannt z.B. dadurch, dass Bücher gern einen Sachindex und einen davon getrennten Namenindex<br />
bieten. Bibliothekarisch ausgefuchste Informationsquellen haben 7 und mehr verschiedene Indexarten.<br />
Das ist eine Sache des Aufwands und der Frage, ob man den Nutzern so viel Unterscheidungsvermögen<br />
zutrauen will).<br />
<br />
In Glottopedia gibt es offensichtlich noch keine Überlegungen zu diesen Fragen. Die Kategorien betreffen<br />
Artikeleigenschaften aller Art, wobei auch die quantitative Seite noch nicht bedacht wird. So manche<br />
ad-hoc eingeführte Kategorie wird wohl kaum eine Chance haben, mehr als zwei, drei Artikel zu versammeln.<br />
Genauso wichtig würde ich jetzt den Punkt nehmen, wonach ein Nutzer denn suchen wird. Wird er tatsächlich<br />
seine Artikelsuche daran orientieren, ob es sich um einen eher allgemeinen Terminus handelt oder um eine<br />
spezielle Fragestellung (vgl die kürzlich diskutierte Kategorie HYPO, die durch SPEC ersetzt werden soll)?<br />
Ich glaube kaum, denn er wird nicht wissen, wie speziell seine Frage ist, solange er nicht die Antwort kennt.<br />
<br />
Zusammenfassend: Welche Aufgabe sollen die Kategorien in Glottopedia haben?<br />
<br />
Konstruktiver Vorschlag: Der Bereich der Linguistik wird vorab einer Systematisierung unterworfen (wobei man sich an<br />
guten Bibliotheken orientieren könnte), um eine Art Thesaurus zu gewinnen. Die Blätter des entstandenen<br />
Baums könnten Kategorien werden. Allerdings: Suchen wird man so auch nicht. So etwas könnte der nachträglichen<br />
Einordnung dienen.<br />
<br />
Dem Nutzerzugriff dienen würden vor allem reine organisatorische Kategorien (wie die der Artikelsprache),<br />
womit man sehr sparsam umgehen sollte. Nicht akzeptabel ist es, wenn ein und dieselbe Aussage mittels<br />
mehrerer verschiedener Ausdrucksformen signalisiert wird (so derzeit in Glottopedia bei der Angabe der<br />
Artikelherkunft. Ich hatte es so verstanden, dass dazu ein virtueller Nutzername dienen soll. Jetzt gibt<br />
es aber für den gleichen Zweck auch Kategorien).<br />
<br />
Noch etwas: Man sollte sich auch einmal die Konsequenzen eines ausufernden Kategorienvorrats vor Augen<br />
führen - schon allein dafür, was auf einen Autor zukommen könnte, wenn er herausfinden muss, welche Vielzahl an<br />
Kategorien er der Einheitlichkeit wegen seinem Artikel anhand einer unübersichtlichen Liste zuordnen muss.<br />
<br />
Dringender Appell: Schnellstens diskutieren und ein einheitliches System einführen!<br />
<br />
--[[User:Rk|Rk]] 12:22, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
:Die bisherigen Regeln finden sich unter [[Glottopedia:Categorization]]. Dort wird zunächst unterschieden zwischen obligatorischen Kategorien (Sprache, Artikeltyp, Hauptkategorie) und Spezialkategorien. Besteht Konsens über die obligatorischen Kategorien? Dann sollten wir vielleicht hier an dieser Stelle nur über die Spezialkategorien diskutieren. Ich selbst habe zu den Spezialkategorien keine ausgeprägte Meinung. Wer sich damit beschäftigen will, sollte herzlich eingeladen sein! Auch bei Wikipedia gibt es ja viele Leute, die sich vorwiegend mit dem Kategorisieren beschäftigen, während andere sich damit überhaupt nicht beschäftigen (man muss von den autoren der Artikel nicht erwarten, dass sie ihre artikel auch kategorisieren!). Nur eine kleine Anmerkung: Ich denke, dass die Kategorien auch für die Autoren sehr nützlich sind, um nämlich zu sehen, welche Artikel es schon gibt. --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 13:43, 30 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
== Kategorien-Sprache==<br />
Die Frage nach einem mehrsprachigen Kategoriensystem lässt sich nicht so ohne Weiteres beantworten, da es Pros und Kontras gibt. Ich werde darüber nachdenken. Bei der Herausgabe des Internationalen Handbuchs der Quantitativen Linguistik, das wie bei de Gruyter üblich zweisprachig ist, habe ich mich für ein deutsches und ein englisches Sachregister entschieden, die aber in eine Einheit gemischt wurden. Allerdings handelt es sich dabei auch nicht um Kategorien, sondern um Stich- bzw. Schlagwörter. Ich denke darüber nach. --[[User:Rk|Rk]] 14:14, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==Artikel aus anderen Internet-Wörterbüchern==<br />
1. ich bitte darum, nicht aus quantitativen Erwägungen heraus einfach ungesehen Artikel aus dem Fries-Lexikon in Glottopedia zu übernehmen: die Artikel zur GPSG und zur HPSG etwa waren/sind in der vorliegenden Form intolerabel. Wir sollten bei der Übernahme fremder Artikel deutlich mehr Sorgfalt walten lassen. Aus diesem Grund habe ich auch etwa 50% der WikiLingua-Artikel zunächst noch nicht übertragen lassen. [[User:NaumSven|NaumSven]] 09:31, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
: Die entscheidende Frage ist: Wie machen wir die Glottopedia innerhalb von einigen Monaten so attraktiv, dass Leute weitere Artikel beisteuern? Ich war bisher davon ausgegangen, dass wir das unter anderem dadurch machen, dass wir Kollegen mit Internet-Wörterbüchern anschreiben und fragen, ob wir ihre Artikel übernehmen dürfen. Bei Eva Schoenke und den Utrechtern war das Werben jetzt erfolgreich, also denke ich, dass wir die Artikel jetzt auch übernehmen sollten. Die Ressourcen, jeden einzelnen Artikel noch einmal inhaltlich durchzugehen, haben wir nicht. Wir müssen hoffen, dass sich eine Community bildet und das Stück für Stück macht. Und einen absoluten Maßstab für Qualität gibt es ja ohnehin nicht. Ich hatte unsere Rolle als Herausgeber nicht so verstanden, dass wir Artikel aus Qualitätsgründen ablehnen oder akzeptieren. Wir sollten dafür sorgen, dass es eine genügende Anzahl guter Artikel gibt, an denen man sich orientieren kann, aber ansonsten muss die (bisher noch nicht existierende) Community die Arbeit tun. --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 16:05, 30 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==Abschnittsüberschriften==<br />
2. Ich halte es für äußerst seltsam, wenn in einigen Artikel die Abschnitte mit Linien (==) in anderen dagegen nicht (===) getrennt werden. Da in den meisten Artikeln, die ich mir angeschaut habe die zweite Konvention befolgt wird, habe ich mich an sie gehalten und finde ich gelinde gesagt erstaunlich, wenn nachträglich etwas in aus WikiLingua stammenden Artikel (Type-Token-Relation) daran etwas geändert, während die Linguipedia-Artikel mehrheitlich auch dieser Konvention folgen. [[User:NaumSven|NaumSven]] 09:31, 24 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
: Sind wir uns einig, dass wir die Abschnittsüberschriften ohne Linien benutzen (weil unsere Abschnitte oft sehr kurz sind)? Also mit drei Gleichheitszeichen (===) statt mit zwei (==)? Beim Artikel zur Type-Token-Relation hat offenbar der Linguipedia-Nutzer genau diese Anpassung vorgenommen (drei statt zwei Gleichheitszeichen). --[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 16:07, 30 July 2007 (CEST)<br />
<br />
:: Ich bin mir sicher, dass man (bzw. jemand mit Adminrechten) ansonsten auch einfach in einer bestimmten .css-Datei die Überschriftenformate (und das Vorhandensein der Trennlinie) umdefinieren kann. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] 15:30, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Protokoll Trier 28.2.2009==<br />
(hierher kopiert von [[Glottopedia:Workshop-Trier]])<br />
* Maßnahmen zur Steigerung der Attraktivität von Glottopedia<br />
** Neugestaltung der Hauptseite (Entwurf: Götz Burger / Umsetzung nach Überarbeitung: Thomas Goldammer):<br />
*** Boxenstruktur a la Wikipedia (''Team'', Portale, etc.)<br />
*** eventuell: ein ausgezeichneter Artikel (''Artikel des Monats'')<br />
** Qualitativer Sprung durch quantitatives Wachstum:<br />
*** (semi)automatische Generierung großer Mengen neuer Artikel (z.B. für alle in der LINGUIST List verzeichnete Linguisten einen Link-Artikel)<br />
*** Links auf geeignete Artikel der Wikipedia setzen<br />
*** Übernahme von geeigneten Artikeln aus der Wikipedia (Am Ende des Artikel sollte ein geeigneter Hinweis wie ''Dieser Beitrag basiert auf einem Artikel der Wikipedia...'' stehen, der außerdem einen Link auf den Wikipedia-Artikel enthält.)<br />
** LINGUIST List regelmäßig nutzen, um durch Ankündigung von substantiellen Änderungen bzw. Erweiterungen die Bekanntheit der Glottopedia in der für uns relevanten Zielgruppe zu steigern.<br />
** Die Hilfeseite soll ausgebaut werden: <br />
*** ''Screencasts'' erstellen, die Benutzer mit grundlegenden Eigenschaften des Systems vertraut machen<br />
*** Masken für verschiedene Artikeltypen<br />
* Software<br />
** Update der Mediawiki-Software<br />
** Anzeige des Artikelnamens in der Adresszeile des Browers<br />
** ''search''-Feld an den Anfang der linken Spalte setzen<br />
** CTREE-Plugin integrieren (Sprachegenealogie)<br />
** Suchfunktion verbessern<br />
** Die Verweise auf anderssprachige Versionen eines Artikels sollen (wie in Wikipedia) durch Verwendung von Abkürzungen und Interwiki-Links in einer Box in der linken Navigationsleiste angezeigt werden.<br />
* Strukturelle Aspekte<br />
** Englisch als Sprache für Kategorienbezeichner (z.B ''computational linguistics'' statt ''Computerlinguistik'' als Kategorie) <br />
** Der Artikeltyp HYPO wird gelöscht. Alle Artikel diesen Typs werden unter die Kategorie DICT subsumiert.<br />
** Die Kategorie LING wird in ORG umbenannt.<br />
** Es wird eine Namensraum REF für bibliographische Angaben eingeführt.<br />
<br />
==Kategorien==<br />
Ich habe den Artikel-Typ HYPO abgeschafft und den Artikel-Typ [[Glottopedia:Linguistic research articles]] in ORG (vgl. [[:Category:ORG]]) umbenannt (von ehemals LING). Die Seite [[Glottopedia:Linguistic research articles]] muss noch umbenannt werden.--[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 17:07, 2 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
==LiDo==<br />
Christian Lehmanns LiDo darf ab sofort in die Glottopedia importiert werden.--[[User:Haspelmath|Haspelmath]] 13:31, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
: Kriegen wir die als MySQL Dump, XML oder ähnliches? --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] 15:30, 9 March 2009 (CET)<br />
<br />
:: Tja. Das Original existiert nicht mehr und nichts ist passiert. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 06:45, 23 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- No editing below this line, please --><br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:Siggen&diff=17628Glottopedia:Siggen2020-02-23T05:33:42Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Protected "Glottopedia:Siggen": Protected for archiving purposes ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite))</p>
<hr />
<div>Ich möchte hier gerne die Dinge zusammenfassen und diskutieren, die von der Tagung in Siggen für die Glottopedia relevant sind, bzw. die sich in den Gesprächen dort ergeben haben. Wenn ich etwas vergessen habe, tragt es bitte nach. <small>[[User:Wohlgemuth|Wohlgemuth]] 09:15, 13 October 2008 (CEST)</small><br />
<br />
<br />
; Links<br />
:* [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Siggen Siggen (Protokoll)]<br />
:* [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Siggener_Kreis Siggener Kreis]<br />
:* [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Siggener_Kreis/Empfehlungen Empfehlungen]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Stichpunkte==<br />
===Technisches===<br />
* Es fehlt die Möglichkeit, Interwiki-Links zu den verschiedenen wikipedien, wikiversities, wikisource zu setzen.<br />
* Die Versionsgeschichten der aus der Linguipedia hineinkopierten Artikel müssen nach-importiert werden (schon aus juristischen Gründen)<br />
* Es gibt einige Artikel, die mit ''Portal:'' anfangen, aber im Artikelnamensraum liegen; der Namensraum ''Portal'' müsste also nachträglich eingerichtet werden und die Artikel dorthin gebracht werden.<br />
* Der Namensraum ''Biblio'' für bibliographische Angaben fehlt auch noch<br />
<br />
===Meta===<br />
* MaHa schlug vor, die Lizenzform noch einmal zu überdenken<br />
* Wir sollten bald (Januar?) ein Koordinierungstreffen Trier + Leipzig + MaHa arrangieren<br />
* Diese Treffen sollten regelmäßig(er) stattfinden<br />
<br />
===Inhaltliches===<br />
* In der Erklärung zu den Artikelkategorien sollte auftauchen, dass die "language articles" auch Artikel über Genera, Familien, etc. umfassen<br />
* Viele der aus Utrecht kopierten Texte sind dringend überarbeitungsbedürftig, da sie kryptisch bzw. viel zu knapp formuliert sind.<br />
<br />
<br />
''s.f.W.: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Siggen#Glottopedia ''<br />
<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:KPolitt&diff=17627User talk:KPolitt2020-02-23T05:24:15Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Katja Politt ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Katja Politt/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formating and layout works as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 20:55, 8 May 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Spitzfindigkeit==<br />
Auf Deiner benutzerseite: '''''M.A.''''' oder doch eher '''''MA'''''? Das mit Punkten ist der alte 'Magister Artium'' ;) --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 11:49, 8 September 2013 (CEST)<br />
<br />
==Status==<br />
Moinsen, ich habe Deine Benutzerrechte editiert (http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php/Special:Log/rights). Du kannst nun bei Bedarf einige Adminrechte ausüben und Benutzeraccounts erstellen: http://www.glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&type=signup --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 09:26, 6 August 2014 (CEST)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Update==<br />
Moinsen, Du bist doch gar nicht mehr in Münster. Magst Du mal Deine Userseite aktualisieren? ;-) --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 06:24, 23 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Vitali&diff=17626User talk:Vitali2020-02-23T02:19:00Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* Artikel */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Vitali ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Vitali/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:24, 19 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Artikel==<br />
Hallo, ich habe den Text von [[Glottopedia:Содействовать]] verschoben in Ihren Benutzer-Namensraum: [[User:Vitali/Содействовать]]. Was Namensräume sind, wird hier erklärt: [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Namespaces/de]. Bitte beachten Sie, dass Glottopedia eine Enzyklopädie ist und keine Webhosting-Plattform für Eigenwerbung. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:17, 23 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Vitali&diff=17625User talk:Vitali2020-02-23T02:18:07Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* Artikel */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Vitali ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Vitali/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:24, 19 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
==Artikel==<br />
Hallo, ich habe den Text von [[Glottopedia:Содействовать]] verschoben in Deinen Benutzer-Namensraum: [[User:Vitali/Содействовать]]. Was Namensräume sind, wird hier erklärt: [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Namespaces/de]. Bitte beachte, dass Glottopedia eine Enzyklopädie ist und keine Webhosting-Plattform für Eigenwerbung. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:17, 23 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Vitali&diff=17624User talk:Vitali2020-02-23T02:17:50Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Vitali ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Vitali/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:24, 19 February 2020 (CET)<br />
<br />
<br />
===Artikel===<br />
Hallo, ich habe den Text von [[Glottopedia:Содействовать]] verschoben in Deinen Benutzer-Namensraum: [[User:Vitali/Содействовать]]. Was Namensräume sind, wird hier erklärt: [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Namespaces/de]. Bitte beachte, dass Glottopedia eine Enzyklopädie ist und keine Webhosting-Plattform für Eigenwerbung. --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:17, 23 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:Language_articles&diff=17620Glottopedia:Language articles2020-02-22T07:40:35Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>Glottopedia may contain '''language articles''' ([[:Category:Single language]]), an [[Glottopedia:Article types|article type]] that contains information about the name of a language, about the location and the sociolinguistic situation of its speakers, about dialects, its genealogical classification, as well as references. The main types of information are summarized in a box. Articles on other taxa (language families, [[languoid]]s, [[doculect]]s etc.) are categorized under [[:Category:LANG]].<br />
<br />
Example articles are [[Dutch]] and [[Khoekhoe]].<br />
<br />
There is also a list of the 1000 [[Most widely spoken languages]].<br />
<br />
== Other Languages==<br />
German [[Glottopedia:Sprachenartikel]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Guideline|Language articles]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:SvenjaHeinol&diff=17603User talk:SvenjaHeinol2020-02-19T02:26:07Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Wohlgemuth moved page User:SvenjaHeinol to User talk:SvenjaHeinol without leaving a redirect</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, SvenjaHeinol ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[SvenjaHeinol/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:25, 19 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:SvenjaHeinol&diff=17602User talk:SvenjaHeinol2020-02-19T02:25:17Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, SvenjaHeinol ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[SvenjaHeinol/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:25, 19 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Vitali&diff=17601User talk:Vitali2020-02-19T02:24:31Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Vitali ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Vitali/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 03:24, 19 February 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:About_Glottopedia&diff=17600Glottopedia:About Glottopedia2020-02-06T10:08:59Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* Copyright and Licence Information */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Glottopedia''' is a comprehensive web-based free-content encyclopedia of linguistics that any linguist can contribute to. It is modeled on [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauptseite Wikipedia], a general-knowledge encyclopedia for nonspecialist readers. Each registered user may create new articles or modify existing ones. But there are three important differences:<br />
* Authors of Glottopedia articles should be trained '''linguists''' or students with a profound linguistic background.<br />
* For this reason, authors have to '''[[Glottopedia:Creating an account|create an account]] with their real names and log in''' before working on an article; in contrast to Wikipedia, anonymous editing is not allowed (in this regard, Glottopedia works like [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Main_Page Citizendium]).<br />
* Articles in Glottopedia '''don't have to be intelligible to all'''. Some of them will refer to highly specialized phenomena and concepts, which will be relevant for only a small number of specialists.<br />
<br />
==Six kinds of articles==<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Dictionary articles]] (which define, explain, comment on and discuss all kinds of linguistic concepts)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Survey articles]] (which offer a comprehensive discussion of linguistic concepts and methods)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Biographical articles]] (about the life and work of past linguists)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Language articles]] (which provide basic information about most natural languages)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Linguistic research articles]] (about institutions, conferences, journals, etc.)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Linguists]] (articles consisting of links to pages about living linguists)<br />
<br />
==Copyright and Licence Information==<br />
<br />
Glottopedia content is licenced under the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0] licence. This means that users are free:<br />
<br />
* '''to Share''' -- to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work<br />
* '''to Remix''' -- to make derivative works <br />
<br />
Under the following conditions:<br />
<br />
* '''Attribution'''. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor.<br />
* '''Share Alike'''. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. <br />
<br />
For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. <br />
<br />
<div style="border:1px solid #8888AA;background-color:#EEEEEE;padding:10px;">'''Glottopedia exclusively aims at facilitating scientific exchange and has no commercial interests. If you notice any copyright violation in the articles, please alert us immediately by [mailto:glottopedia@uni-trier.de Email] so that we can act right away. Do not copy entire passages, images or other copyrighted material into a Glottopedia article. If information is taken from copyrighted works, an indication of the source in the article is required. Please be aware that a violation of these rules can put the entire project in danger.</div><br />
<br />
Fore more information on copyright issues in Glottopedia, see [[Glottopedia:Copyright]].<br />
<br />
==History of Glottopedia==<br />
<br />
Glottopedia was started on 27 May 2007. It arose as a merger of two earlier projects with very similar goals, [http://www-alt.uni-trier.de/uni/fb2/ldv/ldv_wiki/index.php/Hauptseite WikiLingua] at the University of Trier (created in 2005), and [https://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/linguipedia/index.php/Main_Page Linguipedia] at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig (created in 2006). Now that Glottopedia has been officially launched, these two earlier projects are no longer alive.<br />
<br />
==Contributing projects==<br />
The following online dictionaries of linguistic terminology will soon be copied into Glottopedia, as part of an agreement with the authors:<br />
<br />
*[http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~schoenke/tlgl/tlgl.html Textlinguistik-Glossar, Gesprächslinguistik-Glossar] (Bremen, Eva Schoenke)<br />
<br />
Large parts of the following dictionaries have already been integrated, as part of an agreement with the authors:<br />
<br />
*[http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/linguistik/institut/syntax/onlinelexikon/lexikon.htm Online-Lexikon Linguistik] (Norbert Fries, HU Berlin)<br />
*[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/ Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]<br />
<br />
==Other Languages==<br />
* Chinese [[Glottopedia:关于Glottopedia|关于Glottopedia]]<br />
* German [[Glottopedia:Über Glottopedia|Über Glottopedia]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Glottopedia:About_Glottopedia&diff=17599Glottopedia:About Glottopedia2020-02-06T10:07:53Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* Contributing projects */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Glottopedia''' is a comprehensive web-based free-content encyclopedia of linguistics that any linguist can contribute to. It is modeled on [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauptseite Wikipedia], a general-knowledge encyclopedia for nonspecialist readers. Each registered user may create new articles or modify existing ones. But there are three important differences:<br />
* Authors of Glottopedia articles should be trained '''linguists''' or students with a profound linguistic background.<br />
* For this reason, authors have to '''[[Glottopedia:Creating an account|create an account]] with their real names and log in''' before working on an article; in contrast to Wikipedia, anonymous editing is not allowed (in this regard, Glottopedia works like [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Main_Page Citizendium]).<br />
* Articles in Glottopedia '''don't have to be intelligible to all'''. Some of them will refer to highly specialized phenomena and concepts, which will be relevant for only a small number of specialists.<br />
<br />
==Six kinds of articles==<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Dictionary articles]] (which define, explain, comment on and discuss all kinds of linguistic concepts)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Survey articles]] (which offer a comprehensive discussion of linguistic concepts and methods)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Biographical articles]] (about the life and work of past linguists)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Language articles]] (which provide basic information about most natural languages)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Linguistic research articles]] (about institutions, conferences, journals, etc.)<br />
*[[Glottopedia:Linguists]] (articles consisting of links to pages about living linguists)<br />
<br />
==Copyright and Licence Information==<br />
<br />
Glottopedia content is licenced under the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0] licence. This means that users are free:<br />
<br />
* '''to Share''' -- to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work<br />
* '''to Remix''' -- to make derivative works <br />
<br />
Under the following conditions:<br />
<br />
* '''Attribution'''. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor.<br />
* '''Share Alike'''. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. <br />
<br />
For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. <br />
<br />
<div style="border:1px solid #8888AA;background-color:#EEEEEE;padding:10px;">'''Glottopedia exclusively aims at facilitating scientific exchange and has no commercial interests. If you notice any copyright violation in the articles, please alert us immediately by [mailto:naumsven@uni-trier.de Email] so that we can act right away. Do not copy entire passages, images or other copyrighted material into a Glottopedia article. If information is taken from copyrighted works, an indication of the source in the article is required. Please be aware that a violation of these rules can put the entire project in danger.</div><br />
<br />
Fore more information on copyright issues in Glottopedia, see [[Glottopedia:Copyright]].<br />
<br />
==History of Glottopedia==<br />
<br />
Glottopedia was started on 27 May 2007. It arose as a merger of two earlier projects with very similar goals, [http://www-alt.uni-trier.de/uni/fb2/ldv/ldv_wiki/index.php/Hauptseite WikiLingua] at the University of Trier (created in 2005), and [https://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/linguipedia/index.php/Main_Page Linguipedia] at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig (created in 2006). Now that Glottopedia has been officially launched, these two earlier projects are no longer alive.<br />
<br />
==Contributing projects==<br />
The following online dictionaries of linguistic terminology will soon be copied into Glottopedia, as part of an agreement with the authors:<br />
<br />
*[http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~schoenke/tlgl/tlgl.html Textlinguistik-Glossar, Gesprächslinguistik-Glossar] (Bremen, Eva Schoenke)<br />
<br />
Large parts of the following dictionaries have already been integrated, as part of an agreement with the authors:<br />
<br />
*[http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/linguistik/institut/syntax/onlinelexikon/lexikon.htm Online-Lexikon Linguistik] (Norbert Fries, HU Berlin)<br />
*[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/ Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]<br />
<br />
==Other Languages==<br />
* Chinese [[Glottopedia:关于Glottopedia|关于Glottopedia]]<br />
* German [[Glottopedia:Über Glottopedia|Über Glottopedia]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Glottopedia]]</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Erohacsek&diff=17598User talk:Erohacsek2020-01-25T15:35:49Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Erohacsek ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Erohacsek/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 16:35, 25 January 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Y._Yang&diff=17597User talk:Y. Yang2020-01-13T04:42:45Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Y. Yang ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Y. Yang/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 05:42, 13 January 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Xingyu_Zhao&diff=17596User talk:Xingyu Zhao2020-01-13T04:42:38Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Xingyu Zhao ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Xingyu Zhao/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 05:42, 13 January 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Meret_Redetzki&diff=17595User talk:Meret Redetzki2020-01-13T04:42:32Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, Meret Redetzki ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[Meret Redetzki/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 05:42, 13 January 2020 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Template:LLL&diff=17594Template:LLL2019-11-28T07:45:35Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Linguistlist.png]] [https://linguistlist.org/people/personal/get-personal-page2.cfm?PersonID={{{1}}} Linguist List Directory page]<br />
<noinclude>[[Category:Template]]<br />
----<br />
Usage: <code><nowiki>{{subst:LLL|1234}}</nowiki></code> where 1234 is the page ID from the linguistlist server<br />
</noinclude></div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Wohlgemuth&diff=17593User:Wohlgemuth2019-11-28T07:44:40Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* Interaktion erwünscht */</p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
<div {{Greybox}}>Dr.phil. '''Jan Wohlgemuth''' M.A.<br><br />
Universitas Indonesia<br><br />
Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya – Program Studi Jerman<br><br />
Ged. III, Lt. 1<br><br />
Kampus UI Depok<br><br />
Depok, Jawa Barat 16424<br><br />
INDONESIA<br />
<br />
Wer mehr wissen will, kann auf der '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|Diskussionsseite]]''' eine Nachricht hinterlassen oder mich einfach [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|anmailen]]:<br><br />
If you want to know more, leave me a message on my '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|talk page]]''' or send me an [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|e-mail]]:<br />
'''glottopedia (at) uni-trier.de''' (filtered)<br />
or<br />
'''linguist@spamcop.net''' (filtered even more)<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="10" <br />
|-<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==Was ich hier tue==<br />
Hier bei der Glottopedia bin ich vor allem damit beschäftigt, meine [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-Liste]] so gut es geht abzuarbeiten und sie gleichzeitig um all das zu erweitern, was an Infrastruktur-Pflege nötig wird. <br />
<br />
Bereits im Vorgängerprojekt ''Linguipedia'' und einem anderen Wikiprojekt einer Internetcommunity war ich "Bürokrat" und "SysOp" und habe mich vor allem um die Infrastruktur und Verwaltung der Wiki-Systeme sowie um die "Hygiene" (Spambeseitigung) gekümmert. Das werde ich hier auch weiter tun. Außerdem stehe ich natürlich gerne bei Fragen zur Glottopedia zur Verfügung.</div><br />
Der Benutzer Jan Wohlgemuth hat [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|diese Beiträge]] (mit)bearbeitet.<br />
||<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==What I am doing here==<br />
Here at Glottopedia I mainly try to work off my [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-List]] best I can while I at the same time constantly add new tasks related to enhancing and maintaining the project. <br />
<br />
Already in one of the predecessor projects, ''Linguipedia'', and another Wiki project of an internet community I was "Bureaucrat" and "SysOp" and took care of infrastructure, maintenance and "hygiene" (anti-spam). That is basically what I am doing here as well. Of course you can also contact me when you have any questions regarding Glottopedia.</div><br />
The user Jan Wohlgemuth (co)edited [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|these articles]].<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Mehr über mich==<br />
<!-- {{PND|124676979|Jan Wohlgemuth}} --><br />
* [https://janwo.linguist.de/ Blog]<br />
* [https://www.jan-wohlgemuth.de/ Meine Homepage]<br />
* [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Wohlgemuth Research Gate]<br />
* [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-6895 ORCID]<br />
* [http://www.germanistenverzeichnis.phil.uni-erlangen.de/institutslisten/files/de/09300_de/9378_de.html Germanistenverzeichnis]<br />
{{LLL|8686}}<br />
<br />
<div {{Yellowbox}}><br />
===Interaktion erwünscht===<br />
* '''[https://www.linguisten.de/ Linguistik-Forum]''' <br />
* '''[https://www.facebook.com/Glottopedia/ Glottopedia Facebook Page]''' <br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Kleinkram==<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Wantlist|Interessen und Artikel-Wunschzettel]]<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Langtable]]<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo]]''<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/Wishlist]]''<br />
<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Liste der Konfigurationsvariablen]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{about}}</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Wohlgemuth&diff=17592User:Wohlgemuth2019-11-28T07:36:41Z<p>Wohlgemuth: /* Mehr über mich */</p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
<div {{Greybox}}>Dr.phil. '''Jan Wohlgemuth''' M.A.<br><br />
Universitas Indonesia<br><br />
Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya – Program Studi Jerman<br><br />
Ged. III, Lt. 1<br><br />
Kampus UI Depok<br><br />
Depok, Jawa Barat 16424<br><br />
INDONESIA<br />
<br />
Wer mehr wissen will, kann auf der '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|Diskussionsseite]]''' eine Nachricht hinterlassen oder mich einfach [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|anmailen]]:<br><br />
If you want to know more, leave me a message on my '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|talk page]]''' or send me an [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|e-mail]]:<br />
'''glottopedia (at) uni-trier.de''' (filtered)<br />
or<br />
'''linguist@spamcop.net''' (filtered even more)<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="10" <br />
|-<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==Was ich hier tue==<br />
Hier bei der Glottopedia bin ich vor allem damit beschäftigt, meine [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-Liste]] so gut es geht abzuarbeiten und sie gleichzeitig um all das zu erweitern, was an Infrastruktur-Pflege nötig wird. <br />
<br />
Bereits im Vorgängerprojekt ''Linguipedia'' und einem anderen Wikiprojekt einer Internetcommunity war ich "Bürokrat" und "SysOp" und habe mich vor allem um die Infrastruktur und Verwaltung der Wiki-Systeme sowie um die "Hygiene" (Spambeseitigung) gekümmert. Das werde ich hier auch weiter tun. Außerdem stehe ich natürlich gerne bei Fragen zur Glottopedia zur Verfügung.</div><br />
Der Benutzer Jan Wohlgemuth hat [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|diese Beiträge]] (mit)bearbeitet.<br />
||<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==What I am doing here==<br />
Here at Glottopedia I mainly try to work off my [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-List]] best I can while I at the same time constantly add new tasks related to enhancing and maintaining the project. <br />
<br />
Already in one of the predecessor projects, ''Linguipedia'', and another Wiki project of an internet community I was "Bureaucrat" and "SysOp" and took care of infrastructure, maintenance and "hygiene" (anti-spam). That is basically what I am doing here as well. Of course you can also contact me when you have any questions regarding Glottopedia.</div><br />
The user Jan Wohlgemuth (co)edited [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|these articles]].<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Mehr über mich==<br />
<!-- {{PND|124676979|Jan Wohlgemuth}} --><br />
* [https://janwo.linguist.de/ Blog]<br />
* [https://www.jan-wohlgemuth.de/ Meine Homepage]<br />
* [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Wohlgemuth Research Gate]<br />
* [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-6895 ORCID]<br />
* [http://www.germanistenverzeichnis.phil.uni-erlangen.de/institutslisten/files/de/09300_de/9378_de.html Germanistenverzeichnis]<br />
{{LLL|8686}}<br />
<br />
<div {{Yellowbox}}><br />
===Interaktion erwünscht===<br />
* '''[http://www.linguisten.de/ Linguistik-Forum]''' <br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Kleinkram==<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Wantlist|Interessen und Artikel-Wunschzettel]]<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Langtable]]<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo]]''<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/Wishlist]]''<br />
<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Liste der Konfigurationsvariablen]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{about}}</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Wohlgemuth&diff=17591User:Wohlgemuth2019-11-28T07:35:19Z<p>Wohlgemuth: </p>
<hr />
<div>__TOC__<br />
<br />
<div {{Greybox}}>Dr.phil. '''Jan Wohlgemuth''' M.A.<br><br />
Universitas Indonesia<br><br />
Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya – Program Studi Jerman<br><br />
Ged. III, Lt. 1<br><br />
Kampus UI Depok<br><br />
Depok, Jawa Barat 16424<br><br />
INDONESIA<br />
<br />
Wer mehr wissen will, kann auf der '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|Diskussionsseite]]''' eine Nachricht hinterlassen oder mich einfach [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|anmailen]]:<br><br />
If you want to know more, leave me a message on my '''[[User_Talk:Wohlgemuth|talk page]]''' or send me an [[Special:Emailuser/Wohlgemuth|e-mail]]:<br />
'''glottopedia (at) uni-trier.de''' (filtered)<br />
or<br />
'''linguist@spamcop.net''' (filtered even more)<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br />
{| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="10" <br />
|-<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==Was ich hier tue==<br />
Hier bei der Glottopedia bin ich vor allem damit beschäftigt, meine [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-Liste]] so gut es geht abzuarbeiten und sie gleichzeitig um all das zu erweitern, was an Infrastruktur-Pflege nötig wird. <br />
<br />
Bereits im Vorgängerprojekt ''Linguipedia'' und einem anderen Wikiprojekt einer Internetcommunity war ich "Bürokrat" und "SysOp" und habe mich vor allem um die Infrastruktur und Verwaltung der Wiki-Systeme sowie um die "Hygiene" (Spambeseitigung) gekümmert. Das werde ich hier auch weiter tun. Außerdem stehe ich natürlich gerne bei Fragen zur Glottopedia zur Verfügung.</div><br />
Der Benutzer Jan Wohlgemuth hat [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|diese Beiträge]] (mit)bearbeitet.<br />
||<br />
|<div {{Greenbox2}}><br />
==What I am doing here==<br />
Here at Glottopedia I mainly try to work off my [[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo|To-Do-List]] best I can while I at the same time constantly add new tasks related to enhancing and maintaining the project. <br />
<br />
Already in one of the predecessor projects, ''Linguipedia'', and another Wiki project of an internet community I was "Bureaucrat" and "SysOp" and took care of infrastructure, maintenance and "hygiene" (anti-spam). That is basically what I am doing here as well. Of course you can also contact me when you have any questions regarding Glottopedia.</div><br />
The user Jan Wohlgemuth (co)edited [[Special:Contributions/Wohlgemuth|these articles]].<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Mehr über mich==<br />
<!-- {{PND|124676979|Jan Wohlgemuth}} --><br />
* [https://janwo.linguist.de/ Blog]<br />
* [http://www.jan-wohlgemuth.de/ Meine Homepage]<br />
* [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan_Wohlgemuth Research Gate]<br />
* [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-6895 ORCID]<br />
* [http://www.germanistenverzeichnis.phil.uni-erlangen.de/institutslisten/files/de/09300_de/9378_de.html Germanistenverzeichnis]<br />
{{LLL|8686}}<br />
<br />
<div {{Yellowbox}}><br />
===Interaktion erwünscht===<br />
* '''[http://www.linguisten.de/ Linguistik-Forum]''' <br />
</div><br />
<br />
==Kleinkram==<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Wantlist|Interessen und Artikel-Wunschzettel]]<br />
* [[User:Wohlgemuth/Langtable]]<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/ToDo]]''<br />
* ''[[User:Wohlgemuth/Wishlist]]''<br />
<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings Liste der Konfigurationsvariablen]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{about}}</div>Wohlgemuthhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User_talk:AMyP&diff=17588User talk:AMyP2019-11-26T07:38:22Z<p>Wohlgemuth: Created page with "{{subst:hello}}"</p>
<hr />
<div>== Hello, AMyP ==<br />
<br />
<font color='#50A000'>'''Welcome to Glottopedia!'''</font><br><br />
<br />
=== How to... ===<br />
We hope you will enjoy working here. If you need help, just drop me (or another [[Special:Listusers|user]]) a message on the talk page. When you want to start a new article, please make sure that the topic is [[Glottopedia:About|suitable]] for Glottopedia. If you have no idea how to write an article you can test the Wiki syntax in our [[Glottopedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]] or on a [[AMyP/test|personal test page]]. Please read (at least) the first paragraph of our '''[[Help:Contents|handbook]]'''.<br />
<br />
When you once finished editing an article, please use the ''Show preview'' button at the bottom of the edit window so that you can make sure that your formatting and layout work as you want. Try to fill the ''Summary'' field whenever you edit a page. That will help others to understand what you have done.<br />
<br />
=== Your Identity ===<br />
'''As we do not allow anonymous contributions, we ask you to state on [[Glottopedia:User page|your personal user page]] at least your full (real) name and your linguistic affiliation''' (otherwise we may have to block or delete your account).<br />
<br />
Please [[Glottopedia:Signature|sign]] all your posts on talk (discussion) pages by using <code>--&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;&#x007E;</code>. The four tildes are changed into your personal signature by the software when you save the page. (Do not use signatures in articles, though.)<br />
<br />
<br />
Welcome again, and have a lot of fun, --[[User:Wohlgemuth|wohlgemuth]] ([[User talk:Wohlgemuth|talk]]) 08:38, 26 November 2019 (CET)</div>Wohlgemuth